{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T18:03:54Z","timestamp":1779991434438,"version":"3.53.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":53,"publisher":"ACM","content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3774905.3794658","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T17:14:56Z","timestamp":1779988496000},"page":"626-635","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Reasoning in Trees: Improving Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Multi-Hop Question Answering"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9738-7072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuling","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1394-4513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maolin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong University, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0559-5677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zijun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iAuto, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1125-4741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sagenic Tech, Guangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2483-8622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yixiong","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8834-7288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tianran","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0529-6408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"Chenxin An Jun Zhang Ming Zhong Lei Li Shansan Gong Yao Luo Jingjing Xu and Lingpeng Kong. 2024. Why Does the Effective Context Length of LLMs Fall Short ? arXiv:2410.18745"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"The Twelfth International Conference, on Learning Representations.","author":"Asai Akari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Akari Asai, Zeqiu Wu, Yizhong Wang, Avirup Sil, and Hannaneh Hajishirzi. 2023. Self-RAG: Learning, to Retrieve, Generate, and Critique, through Self-Reflection. In The Twelfth International Conference, on Learning Representations."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yushi Bai Shangqing Tu Jiajie Zhang Hao Peng Xiaozhi Wang Xin Lv Shulin Cao Jiazheng Xu Lei Hou Yuxiao Dong Jie Tang and Juanzi Li. 2024. LongBench v2: Towards Deeper Understanding and Reasoning on Realistic Long-context Multitasks. arXiv:2412.15204","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2025.acl-long.183"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"First Conference, on Language Modeling.","author":"Chan Chi-Min","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chi-Min Chan, Chunpu Xu, Ruibin Yuan, Hongyin Luo, Wei Xue, Yike Guo, and Jie Fu. 2024. RQ-RAG: Learning, to Refine Queries, for Retrieval Augmented Generation. In First Conference, on Language Modeling."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"Yung-Sung Chuang Yujia Xie Hongyin Luo Yoon Kim James Glass and Pengcheng He. 2023. DoLa: Decoding by Contrasting Layers Improves Factuality in Large Language Models. arXiv:2309.03883"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yixiong Fang Tianran Sun Yuling Shi and Xiaodong Gu. 2025a. AttentionRAG: Attention-Guided Context Pruning in Retrieval-Augmented Generation. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2503.10720 arXiv:2503.10720 [cs]","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2503.10720"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"LastingBench: Defend Benchmarks Against Knowledge Leakage. arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.21614","author":"Fang Yixiong","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yixiong Fang, Tianran Sun, Yuling Shi, Min Wang, and Xiaodong Gu. 2025b. LastingBench: Defend Benchmarks Against Knowledge Leakage. arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.21614 (2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.acl-long.910"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xinyan Guan Jiali Zeng Fandong Meng Chunlei Xin Yaojie Lu Hongyu Lin Xianpei Han Le Sun and Jie Zhou. 2025. DeepRAG: Thinking to Retrieval Step by Step for Large Language Models. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2502.01142 arXiv:2502.01142 [cs]","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2502.01142"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"The Thirty-eighth Annual Conference, on Neural Information Processing Systems.","author":"Gutierrez Bernal Jimenez","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bernal Jimenez Gutierrez, Yiheng Shu, Yu Gu, Michihiro Yasunaga, and Yu Su. 2024. HippoRAG: Neurobiologically Inspired Long-Term Memory, for Large Language Models. In The Thirty-eighth Annual Conference, on Neural Information Processing Systems."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 37th International Conference, on Machine Learning (ICML, '20","volume":"3938","author":"Guu Kelvin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kelvin Guu, Kenton Lee, Zora Tung, Panupong Pasupat, and Ming-Wei Chang. 2020. REALM: Retrieval-Augmented Language Model Pre-Training. In Proceedings of the 37th International Conference, on Machine Learning (ICML, '20, Vol. 119). JMLR.org, 3929-3938."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.coling-main.580"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"FlowMalTrans: Unsupervised Binary Code Translation for Malware Detection Using Flow-Adapter Architecture. arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.20212","author":"Hu Minghao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Minghao Hu, Junzhe Wang, Weisen Zhao, Qiang Zeng, and Lannan Luo. 2025a. FlowMalTrans: Unsupervised Binary Code Translation for Malware Detection Using Flow-Adapter Architecture. arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.20212 (2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yunhai Hu Yilun Zhao Chen Zhao and Arman Cohan. 2025b. MCTS-RAG: Enhancing Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Monte Carlo Tree Search. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2503.20757 arXiv:2503.20757 [cs]","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2503.20757"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2410.05983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-main.550"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"The Twelfth International Conference, on Learning Representations.","author":"Kim Jaehyung","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jaehyung Kim, Jaehyun Nam, Sangwoo Mo, Jongjin Park, Sang-Woo Lee, Minjoon Seo, Jung-Woo Ha, and Jinwoo Shin. 2023. SuRe: Summarizing Retrievals, Using Answer Candidates, for Open-domain QA, of LLMs. In The Twelfth International Conference, on Learning Representations."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3495724.3496517"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huayang Li Yixuan Su Deng Cai Yan Wang and Lemao Liu. 2022. A Survey on Retrieval-Augmented Text Generation. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2202.01110 arXiv:2202.01110 [cs]","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2202.01110"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.findings-emnlp.467"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shangqing Liu Yu Chen Xiaofei Xie Jingkai Siow and Yang Liu. 2021. Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Code Summarization via Hybrid GNN. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2006.05405 arXiv:2006.05405 [cs]","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2006.05405"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"The Thirteenth International Conference, on Learning Representations.","author":"Ma Shengjie","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shengjie Ma, Chengjin Xu, Xuhui Jiang, Muzhi Li, Huaren Qu, Cehao Yang, Jiaxin Mao, and Jian Guo. 2024. Think-on-Graph, 2.0: Deep, and Faithful Large Language Model Reasoning, with Knowledge-guided Retrieval Augmented Generation. In The Thirteenth International Conference, on Learning Representations."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Robust Preference Alignment via Directional Neighborhood Consensus. arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.20498","author":"Mao Ruochen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ruochen Mao, Yuling Shi, Xiaodong Gu, and Jiaheng Wei. 2025. Robust Preference Alignment via Directional Neighborhood Consensus. arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.20498 (2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tong Niu Shafiq Joty Ye Liu Caiming Xiong Yingbo Zhou and Semih Yavuz. 2024. JudgeRank: Leveraging Large Language Models for Reasoning-Intensive Reranking. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2411.00142 arXiv:2411.00142 [cs]","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2411.00142"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00660"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"SWE-QA: Can Language Models Answer Repository-level Code Questions? arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.14635","author":"Peng Weihan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Weihan Peng, Yuling Shi, Yuhang Wang, Xinyun Zhang, Beijun Shen, and Xiaodong Gu. 2025. SWE-QA: Can Language Models Answer Repository-level Code Questions? arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.14635 (2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.findings-emnlp.378"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Qwen An Yang Baosong Yang Beichen Zhang Binyuan Hui Bo Zheng Bowen Yu Chengyuan Li Dayiheng Liu Fei Huang Haoran Wei Huan Lin Jian Yang Jianhong Tu Jianwei Zhang Jianxin Yang Jiaxi Yang Jingren Zhou Junyang Lin Kai Dang Keming Lu Keqin Bao Kexin Yang Le Yu Mei Li Mingfeng Xue Pei Zhang Qin Zhu Rui Men Runji Lin Tianhao Li Tianyi Tang Tingyu Xia Xingzhang Ren Xuancheng Ren Yang Fan Yang Su Yichang Zhang Yu Wan Yuqiong Liu Zeyu Cui Zhenru Zhang and Zihan Qiu. 2025. Qwen2.5 Technical Report. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2412.15115 arXiv:2412.15115 [cs]","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2412.15115"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00605"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.findings-emnlp.620"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"LongCodeZip: Compress Long Context for Code Language Models. arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.00446","author":"Shi Yuling","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yuling Shi, Yichun Qian, Hongyu Zhang, Beijun Shen, and Xiaodong Gu. 2025. LongCodeZip: Compress Long Context for Code Language Models. arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.00446 (2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"From code to correctness: Closing the last mile of code generation with hierarchical debugging. arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.01215","author":"Shi Yuling","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yuling Shi, Songsong Wang, Chengcheng Wan, Min Wang, and Xiaodong Gu. 2024a. From code to correctness: Closing the last mile of code generation with hierarchical debugging. arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.01215 (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"Between Lines of Code: Unraveling the Distinct Patterns of Machine and Human Programmers. In 2025 IEEE\/ACM 47th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE). IEEE Computer Society, 51-62","author":"Shi Yuling","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yuling Shi, Hongyu Zhang, Chengcheng Wan, and Xiaodong Gu. 2024c. Between Lines of Code: Unraveling the Distinct Patterns of Machine and Human Programmers. In 2025 IEEE\/ACM 47th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE). IEEE Computer Society, 51-62."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.acl-long.397"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.findings-emnlp.320"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.acl-long.702"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00475"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.acl-long.557"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2410.20753"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","volume-title":"EVOC2RUST: A Skeleton-guided Framework for Project-Level C-to-Rust Translation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.04295","author":"Wang Chaofan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chaofan Wang, Tingrui Yu, Chen Xie, Jie Wang, Dong Chen, Wenrui Zhang, Yuling Shi, Xiaodong Gu, and Beijun Shen. 2025b. EVOC2RUST: A Skeleton-guided Framework for Project-Level C-to-Rust Translation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.04295 (2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liang Wang Haonan Chen Nan Yang Xiaolong Huang Zhicheng Dou and Furu Wei. 2025a. Chain-of-Retrieval Augmented Generation. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2501.14342 arXiv:2501.14342 [cs]","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2501.14342"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2201.11903"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","volume-title":"The Twelfth International Conference, on Learning Representations.","author":"Xu Fangyuan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fangyuan Xu, Weijia Shi, and Eunsol Choi. 2023. RECOMP: Improving Retrieval-Augmented LMs, with Context Compression, and Selective Augmentation. In The Twelfth International Conference, on Learning Representations."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shi-Qi Yan Jia-Chen Gu Yun Zhu and Zhen-Hua Ling. 2024. Corrective Retrieval Augmented Generation. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2401.15884 arXiv:2401.15884","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2401.15884"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1259"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.acl-long.125"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhenrui Yue Honglei Zhuang Aijun Bai Kai Hui Rolf Jagerman Hansi Zeng Zhen Qin Dong Wang Xuanhui Wang and Michael Bendersky. 2024. Inference Scaling for Long-Context Retrieval Augmented Generation. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2410.04343 arXiv:2410.04343","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2410.04343"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","volume-title":"Pruning the unsurprising: Efficient code reasoning via first-token surprisal. arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.05988","author":"Zeng Wenhao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wenhao Zeng, Yaoning Wang, Chao Hu, Yuling Shi, Chengcheng Wan, Hongyu Zhang, and Xiaodong Gu. 2025. Pruning the unsurprising: Efficient code reasoning via first-token surprisal. arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.05988 (2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2412.06206"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qingfei Zhao Ruobing Wang Yukuo Cen Daren Zha Shicheng Tan Yuxiao Dong and Jie Tang. 2024. LongRAG: A Dual-Perspective Retrieval-Augmented Generation Paradigm for Long-Context Question Answering. arXiv:2410.18050","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.emnlp-main.1259"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","volume-title":"Beyond Chat: a Framework for LLMs as Human-Centered Support Systems. arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.03729","author":"Zhou Zhiyin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhiyin Zhou. 2025. Beyond Chat: a Framework for LLMs as Human-Centered Support Systems. arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.03729 (2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rongzhi Zhu Xiangyu Liu Zequn Sun Yiwei Wang and Wei Hu. 2025. Mitigating Lost-in-Retrieval Problems in Retrieval Augmented Multi-Hop Question Answering. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2502.14245 arXiv:2502.14245 [cs]","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2502.14245"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.emnlp-main.199"}],"event":{"name":"WWW '26: The ACM Web Conference 2026","location":"Dubai United Arab Emirates","sponsor":["SIGWEB ACM Special Interest Group on Hypertext, Hypermedia, and Web"]},"container-title":["Companion Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2026"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3774905.3794658","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T17:19:17Z","timestamp":1779988757000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3774905.3794658"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"references-count":53,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3774905.3794658","10.1145\/3774905"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3774905.3794658","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}