{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T04:32:47Z","timestamp":1773376367847,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":19,"publisher":"ACM","content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3776734.3794393","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T20:05:48Z","timestamp":1773345948000},"page":"253-257","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Active Maritime Copilot for Ambiguity and Risk-Driven Decisions"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8436-4519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhichen","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ENSTA Paris, Paris, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3867-5842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Stephenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3281-379X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benoit","family":"Clement","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENSTA Paris, Paris, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2793-4511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Tapus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENSTA Paris, Paris, France"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea","year":"1972","unstructured":"2022. Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 (COLREGs) - COLREGs Operator Guidance Framework. https:\/\/www.rasgateway.com.au\/Code-of-Practice-COLREGS-framework.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse13010122"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-77538-8_26"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MAES.2020.3049030"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"PA Carson and CJ Mumford. 2011. Communication failure and loss prevention.. Loss Prevention Bulletin."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trpro.2019.07.183"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2013.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1555343417707664"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"George Gabedava and Yanming Hu. 2025. Enhancing maritime safety through linguistic analysis: a case study of communication failures in maritime accidents. WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs 1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13437-025-00371-y 10.1007\/s13437-025-00371-y","DOI":"10.1007\/s13437-025-00371-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse9030261"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"C. H. Lewis. 1982. Using the \u201cThinking Aloud\u201d Method in Cognitive Interface Design. IBM."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21693277.2020.1737592"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-97-8963-4_12"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Thomas B Sheridan. 2021. Human supervisory control of automation. Handbook of human factors and ergonomics 736\u2013760. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9781119636113.ch28 10.1002\/9781119636113.ch28","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119636113.ch28"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2020.102551"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Reconsidering the measurement of proficiency in pilot and air traffic controller radiotelephony communication: From construct definition to task design. Ph. D. Dissertation","author":"Tavares Monteiro Ana Lucia","unstructured":"Ana Lucia Tavares Monteiro. 2019. Reconsidering the measurement of proficiency in pilot and air traffic controller radiotelephony communication: From construct definition to task design. Ph. D. Dissertation. Carleton University."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-020-01012-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12525-022-00593-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2025.106968"}],"event":{"name":"HRI '26: 21st ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction","location":"Edinburgh Scotland UK","acronym":"HRI '26","sponsor":["SIGAI ACM Special Interest Group on Artificial Intelligence","SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction","IEEE RAS"]},"container-title":["Companion Proceedings of the 21st ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T20:11:46Z","timestamp":1773346306000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3776734.3794393"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3776734.3794393","10.1145\/3776734"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3776734.3794393","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}