{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T00:42:33Z","timestamp":1770338553254,"version":"3.49.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":26,"publisher":"ACM","funder":[{"name":"EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Digital Civics","award":["EP\/L016176\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/L016176\/1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3779232.3779464","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T11:49:12Z","timestamp":1770292152000},"page":"1-9","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Reality Fusion for Basic Life Support: Mixed Reality and Manikin Training with Trainers in the Loop"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3334-952X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sami","family":"Abosaleh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Open Lab, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0069-1694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Sakkas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics &amp; Telecommunications, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7703-7667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasileios","family":"Aspiotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics &amp; Telecommunications, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0675-9088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Miltiadous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics &amp; Telecommunications, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9043-1290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandros T.","family":"Tzallas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics &amp; Telecommunications, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6038-5959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasilis","family":"Vlachokyriakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Open Lab, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Petronila Mireia\u00a0Alc\u00e1zar Artero Manuel\u00a0Pardo Rios Robert Greif Ana Bel\u00e9n\u00a0Ocampo Cervantes Gabriel Gij\u00f3n-Nogueron Roberto Barcala-Furelos Silvia Aranda-Garc\u00eda and Laura\u00a0Ramos Petersen. 2023. Efficiency of virtual reality for cardiopulmonary resuscitation training of adult laypersons: A systematic review. Medicine 102 (1 2023) e32736. Issue 4. 10.1097\/MD.0000000000032736","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000032736"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"E.\u00a0Z. Barsom M. Graafland and M.\u00a0P. Schijven. 2016. Systematic review on the effectiveness of augmented reality applications in medical training. Surgical Endoscopy 30 (10 2016) 4174\u20134183. Issue 10. 10.1007\/s00464-016-4800-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-016-4800-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Marieke\u00a0T. Blom Stefanie\u00a0G. Beesems Petronella\u00a0C.M. Homma Jolande\u00a0A. Zijlstra Michiel Hulleman Daniel\u00a0A. van Hoeijen Abdennasser Bardai Jan\u00a0G.P. Tijssen Hanno\u00a0L. Tan and Rudolph\u00a0W. Koster. 2014. Improved Survival After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Use of Automated External Defibrillators. Circulation 130 (11 2014) 1868\u20131875. Issue 21. 10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.010905","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.010905"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Christoph\u00a0W. Borst and Richard\u00a0A. Volz. 2005. Evaluation of a Haptic Mixed Reality System for Interactions with a Virtual Control Panel. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 14 (12 2005) 677\u2013696. Issue 6. 10.1162\/105474605775196562","DOI":"10.1162\/105474605775196562"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Virginia Braun Victoria Clarke Nikki Hayfield and Gareth Terry. 2018. Thematic analysis. Handbook of research methods in health social sciences (2018) 1\u201318.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-2779-6_103-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3616961.3616992"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Adam Cheng Nino Fijacko Andrew Lockey Robert Greif Cristian Abelairas-Gomez Lucija Gosak and Yiqun Lin. 2024. Use of augmented and virtual reality in resuscitation training: A systematic review. Resuscitation Plus 18 (6 2024) 100643. 10.1016\/j.resplu.2024.100643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resplu.2024.100643"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Evelyne Dubreucq Sofia Barlocco De\u00a0La Vega Jebrane Bouaoud Anne-Laure Philippon and Pierre-Cl\u00e9ment Thiebaud. 2025. Impact of virtual augmented or mixed reality in basic life support training: A scoping review. Clinical Simulation in Nursing 99 (2 2025) 101672. 10.1016\/j.ecns.2024.101672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecns.2024.101672"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nino Fija\u010dko \u0160pela Metli\u010dar Bo\u017ea Jan\u017eekovi\u010d Benjamin\u00a0S. Abella Vinay\u00a0M. Nadkarni Todd\u00a0P. Chang and Robert Greif. 2025. Extended reality technologies in adult basic life support education: A scoping review. Resuscitation Plus 23 (5 2025) 100927. 10.1016\/j.resplu.2025.100927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resplu.2025.100927"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kyle\u00a0A. Fratta Andrew\u00a0J. Bouland Roumen Vesselinov Matthew\u00a0J. Levy Kevin\u00a0G. Seaman Benjamin\u00a0J. Lawner and Jon\u00a0Mark Hirshon. 2020. Evaluating barriers to community CPR education. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 38 (3 2020) 603\u2013609. Issue 3. 10.1016\/j.ajem.2019.10.019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2019.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Greg Guest Arwen Bunce and Laura Johnson. 2006. How Many Interviews Are Enough? Field Methods 18 (2 2006) 59\u201382. Issue 1. 10.1177\/1525822X05279903","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X05279903"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Luoya Hou Xu Dong Ke Li Congying Yang Yang Yu Xiaoyan Jin and Shaomei Shang. 2022. Effectiveness of a novel augmented reality cardiopulmonary resuscitation self-training environment for laypeople in China: a randomized controlled trial. Interdisciplinary Nursing Research 1 (11 2022) 43\u201350. Issue 1. 10.1097\/NR9.0000000000000010","DOI":"10.1097\/NR9.0000000000000010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bhone\u00a0Myint Kyaw Nakul Saxena Pawel Posadzki Jitka Vseteckova Charoula\u00a0Konstantia Nikolaou Pradeep\u00a0Paul George Ushashree Divakar Italo Masiello Andrzej\u00a0A Kononowicz Nabil Zary and Lorainne\u00a0Tudor Car. 2019. Virtual Reality for Health Professions Education: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by the Digital Health Education Collaboration. Journal of Medical Internet Research 21 (1 2019) e12959. Issue 1. 10.2196\/12959","DOI":"10.2196\/12959"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Joris Nas Jos Thannhauser Lara S.\u00a0F. Konijnenberg Robert-Jan\u00a0M. van Geuns Niels van Royen Judith\u00a0L. Bonnes and Marc\u00a0A. Brouwer. 2022. Long-term Effect of Face-to-Face vs Virtual Reality Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Training on Willingness to Perform CPR Retention of Knowledge and Dissemination of CPR Awareness. JAMA Network Open 5 (5 2022) e2212964. Issue 5. 10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.12964","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.12964"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Brian\u00a0J. Park Stephen\u00a0J. Hunt Charles Martin Gregory\u00a0J. Nadolski Bradford\u00a0J. Wood and Terence\u00a0P. Gade. 2020. Augmented and Mixed Reality: Technologies for Enhancing the Future of IR. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 31 (7 2020) 1074\u20131082. Issue 7. 10.1016\/j.jvir.2019.09.020","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2019.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Serena Ricci Andrea Calandrino Giacomo Borgonovo Marco Chirico and Maura Casadio. 2022. Viewpoint: Virtual and Augmented Reality in Basic and Advanced Life Support Training. JMIR Serious Games 10 (3 2022) e28595. Issue 1. 10.2196\/28595","DOI":"10.2196\/28595"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Federico Semeraro Giuseppe Ristagno Gabriele Giulini Tania Gnudi Jihan\u00a0Samira Kayal Alessandro Monesi Riccardo Tucci and Andrea Scapigliati. 2019. Virtual reality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR): Comparison with a standard CPR training mannequin. Resuscitation 135 (2 2019) 234\u2013235. 10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2018.12.016doi: 10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2018.12.016.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2018.12.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_19_1","unstructured":"Sharaf Sheik-Ali Hilary Edgcombe and Chris Paton. 2019. Next-generation virtual and augmented reality in surgical education: a narrative review. Surgical technology international 33 (2019)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jianting Song Wenxiu Guo Xiaoguang Lu Xin Kang Yi Song and Dianbo Gong. 2018. The effect of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 26 (12 2018) 86. Issue 1. 10.1186\/s13049-018-0552-8","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-018-0552-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rao Sun Yixuan Wang Qingya Wu Shuo Wang Xuan Liu Pei Wang Yuqin He and Hua Zheng. 2024. Effectiveness of virtual and augmented reality for cardiopulmonary resuscitation\u00a0training: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Medical Education 24 (7 2024) 730. Issue 1. 10.1186\/s12909-024-05720-8","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-024-05720-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hande Sungur Zeph\u00a0M.C. van Berlo and Lisa\u00a0Marie L\u00fcwa. 2024. Enhancing Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training with Mixed Reality: Improving Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Performance and Enjoyment. Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking 27 (6 2024) 379\u2013386. Issue 6. 10.1089\/cyber.2023.0411","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2023.0411"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Neil Vaughan Venketesh\u00a0N. Dubey Thomas\u00a0W. Wainwright and Robert\u00a0G. Middleton. 2016. A review of virtual reality based training simulators for orthopaedic surgery. Medical Engineering & Physics 38 (2 2016) 59\u201371. Issue 2. 10.1016\/j.medengphy.2015.11.021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2015.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_24_1","first-page":"1096","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","author":"Vlachokyriakos Vasilis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vasilis Vlachokyriakos, Peter Wright, and Patrick Olivier. 2016. Digital civics: Citizen empowerment with and through technology. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1096\u20131107."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xi Xie Jiaqi Zheng Wen Zheng Chang Pan Yu Ma Yimin Zhu Huiqiong Tan Xiaotong Han Shengtao Yan Guoqiang Zhang Chaoqian Li Fei Shao Chunyi Wang Jianbo Zhang Yuan Bian Jingjing Ma Kai Cheng Rugang Liu Shaowei Sang Yongsheng Zhang Bryan McNally Marcus\u00a0E.H. Ong Chuanzhu Lv Yuguo Chen and Feng Xu. 2023. Efforts to Improve Survival Outcomes of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in China: BASIC-OHCA. Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes 16 (2 2023). Issue 2. 10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.121.008856","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.121.008856"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shijiao Yan Yong Gan Nan Jiang Rixing Wang Yunqiang Chen Zhiqian Luo Qiao Zong Song Chen and Chuanzhu Lv. 2020. The global survival rate among adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients who received cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Critical Care 24 (12 2020) 61. Issue 1. 10.1186\/s13054-020-2773-2","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-2773-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1240624.1240704"}],"event":{"name":"VRCAI '25: The 20th ACM SIGGRAPH International Conference on Virtual-Reality Continuum and its Applications in Industry","location":"Macau China","acronym":"VRCAI '25","sponsor":["SIGGRAPH ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2025 20th ACM SIGGRAPH International Conference on Virtual-Reality Continuum and its Applications in Industry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3779232.3779464","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T11:49:53Z","timestamp":1770292193000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3779232.3779464"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3779232.3779464","10.1145\/3779232"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3779232.3779464","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}