{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T12:19:15Z","timestamp":1779365955575,"version":"3.53.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":36,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)","award":["2015-05070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015-05070"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3786167.3788429","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T11:40:19Z","timestamp":1779363619000},"page":"88-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["LLM-X: A Scalable Negotiation-Oriented Exchange for Communication Among Personal LLM Agents"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2807-4586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuliano","family":"Lorenzoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0720-1107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Alencar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7468-0879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donald","family":"Cowan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Yuntao Bai et\u00a0al. 2022. Training a helpful and harmless assistant with reinforcement learning from human feedback. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2204.05862 (2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v38i16.29720"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"Chi-Min Chan Weize Chen Yusheng Su Jianxuan Yu Wei Xue Shanghang Zhang Jie Fu and Zhiyuan Liu. 2023. ChatEval: Towards Better LLM-based Evaluators through Multi-Agent Debate. arxiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2308.07201\u00a0[cs.CL] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2308.07201"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_5_2","unstructured":"Hyung\u00a0Won Chung et\u00a0al. 2024. Scaling Instruction-Finetuned Language Models. Journal of Machine Learning Research 25 70 (2024) 1\u201353. http:\/\/jmlr.org\/papers\/v25\/23-0870.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_6_2","series-title":"Proceedings of Machine Learning Research","first-page":"11733","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning","volume":"235","author":"Du Yilun","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yilun Du, Le Hou, Yale Song, et\u00a0al. 2024. Improving Factuality and Reasoning in Language Models through Multiagent Debate. In Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning(Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, Vol.\u00a0235). PMLR, 11733\u201311763. https:\/\/proceedings.mlr.press\/v235\/du24e.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"Significant Gravitas. 2023. AutoGPT. GitHub repository. https:\/\/github.com\/Torantulino\/Auto-GPT."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_8_2","unstructured":"Shanshan Han Qifan Zhang Yuhang Yao Weizhao Jin and Zhaozhuo Xu. 2024. LLM Multi-Agent Systems: Challenges and Open Problems. arxiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2402.03578\u00a0[cs.MA] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2402.03578"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_9_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"The Twelfth International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR)","author":"Hong Sirui","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sirui Hong et\u00a0al. 2024. MetaGPT: Meta Programming for a Multi-Agent Collaborative Framework. In The Twelfth International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR). 1\u201326. https:\/\/openreview.net"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.acl-long.806"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_11_2","series-title":"Proceedings of Machine Learning Research","first-page":"1769","volume-title":"Conference on Robot Learning (CoRL)","volume":"205","author":"Huang Wenlong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wenlong Huang et\u00a0al. 2022. Inner Monologue: Embodied Reasoning through Planning with Language Models. In Conference on Robot Learning (CoRL)(Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, Vol.\u00a0205). PMLR, 1769\u20131782. https:\/\/proceedings.mlr.press\/v205\/huang23c.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_12_2","unstructured":"Gautier Izacard et\u00a0al. 2023. Atlas: Few-shot Learning with Retrieval Augmented Language Models. Journal of Machine Learning Research 24 251 (2023) 1\u201343. http:\/\/jmlr.org\/papers\/v24\/23-0037.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.findings-acl.651"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_14_2","unstructured":"Tianjian Li Xiao Wang et\u00a0al. 2023. CAMEL: communicative agents for \"mind\" exploration of large language model society(NIPS \u201923). Article 2264 18\u00a0pages."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_15_2","unstructured":"Xiaonan Li and Xipeng Qiu. 2023. MoT: Memory-of-Thought Enables ChatGPT to Self-Improve. arxiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2305.05181\u00a0[cs.CL] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2305.05181"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.emnlp-main.992"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_17_2","unstructured":"Bill\u00a0Yuchen Lin Yicheng Fu Karina Yang Faeze Brahman Shiyu Huang Chandra Bhagavatula Prithviraj Ammanabrolu Yejin Choi and Xiang Ren. 2023. SwiftSage: A Generative Agent with Fast and Slow Thinking for Complex Interactive Tasks. arxiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2305.17390\u00a0[cs.CL] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2305.17390"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_18_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"The Twelfth International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR)","author":"Liu Xiao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xiao Liu et\u00a0al. 2024. AgentBench: Evaluating LLMs as Agents. In The Twelfth International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR). 1\u201343."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_19_2","unstructured":"Xingwei Long Tian Fang et\u00a0al. 2023. Large language model guided tree-of-thought. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2305.08291 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_20_2","unstructured":"Yohei Nakajima. 2023. BabyAGI. GitHub repository. https:\/\/github.com\/yoheinakajima\/babyagi."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_21_2","unstructured":"Anton Osika. 2023. GPT Engineer. GitHub repository. https:\/\/github.com\/AntonOsika\/gpt-engineer."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_22_2","first-page":"27730","volume-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems","author":"Ouyang Long","year":"2022","unstructured":"Long Ouyang et\u00a0al. 2022. Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems , Vol.\u00a035. 27730\u201327744. https:\/\/proceedings.neurips.cc"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3586183.3606763"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_24_2","unstructured":"Baolin Peng Chunyuan Li Pengcheng He Michel Galley and Jianfeng Gao. 2023. Instruction Tuning with GPT-4. arxiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2304.03277\u00a0[cs.CL] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2304.03277"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_25_2","first-page":"53728","volume-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems","author":"Rafailov Rafael","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rafael Rafailov et\u00a0al. 2023. Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Model. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems , Vol.\u00a036. 53728\u201353741. https:\/\/proceedings.neurips.cc"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_26_2","unstructured":"Jinxin Shi Jiabao Zhao Yilei Wang Xingjiao Wu Jiawen Li and Liang He. 2023. CGMI: Configurable General Multi-Agent Interaction Framework. arxiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2308.12503\u00a0[cs.AI] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2308.12503"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_27_2","unstructured":"Noah Shinn Paul Labash and Ameet Gopinath. 2023. Reflexion: Language agents with verbal reinforcement learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2303.11366 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_28_2","unstructured":"Rohan Taori et\u00a0al. 2023. Stanford Alpaca: Instruction-following LLaMA model. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2303.16199 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.emnlp-main.775"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_30_2","unstructured":"Shuo Wang et\u00a0al. 2023. Memory in Multi-Agent LLMs: Challenges and Opportunities. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2308.08520 (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_31_2","unstructured":"Yizhong Wang Yeganeh Kordi Swaroop Mishra Alisa Liu Noah\u00a0A. Smith Daniel Khashabi and Hannaneh Hajishirzi. 2023. Self-Instruct: Aligning Language Models with Self-Generated Instructions. arxiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2212.10560\u00a0[cs.CL] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2212.10560"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jason Wei Xuezhi Wang Dale Schuurmans et\u00a0al. 2022. Chain of Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models. NeurIPS (2022) 24824\u201324837.","DOI":"10.52202\/068431-1800"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_33_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the First Conference on Language Modeling (COLM)","author":"Wu Qingyun","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qingyun Wu et\u00a0al. 2024. AutoGen: Enabling Next-Gen LLM Applications via Multi-Agent Conversation. In Proceedings of the First Conference on Language Modeling (COLM). 1\u201315."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_34_2","first-page":"441","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: System Demonstrations","author":"Wu Shuyan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shuyan Wu et\u00a0al. 2023. Chatarena: Multi-Agent Language Game Environments for LLMs. In Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: System Demonstrations. Association for Computational Linguistics, 441\u2013451. https:\/\/aclanthology.org"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_35_2","unstructured":"Shunyu Xu et\u00a0al. 2023. ReWOO: Decoupling Reasoning from Observations for Efficient Augmented Language Models. arxiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2305.18323https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2305.18323"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_36_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"The Eleventh International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR)","author":"Yao Shunyu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shunyu Yao et\u00a0al. 2023. ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Models. In The Eleventh International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR). 1\u201333."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_37_2","unstructured":"Shunyu Yao Dian Zhao et\u00a0al. 2023. Tree of Thoughts: Deliberate problem solving with large language models. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2305.10601 (2023)."}],"event":{"name":"AGENT '26: International Workshop on Agentic Engineering","location":"Rio de Janeiro Brazil","acronym":"AGENT '26","sponsor":["SIGSOFT ACM Special Interest Group on Software Engineering","IEEE CS","Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2026 International Workshop on Agentic Engineering"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3786167.3788429","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T12:03:51Z","timestamp":1779365031000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3786167.3788429"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3786167.3788429","10.1145\/3786167"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3786167.3788429","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}