{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T07:17:26Z","timestamp":1783408646039,"version":"3.54.6"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":36,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3786181.3788707","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T06:28:24Z","timestamp":1783405704000},"page":"42-50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Hidden DNA of LLM-Generated JavaScript: Structural Patterns Enable High-Accuracy Authorship Attribution"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9002-5935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norbert","family":"Tihanyi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Technology Innovation Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates and E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0095-106X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bilel","family":"Cherif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technology Innovation Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3951-1932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard A.","family":"Dubniczky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0632-3172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Amine","family":"Ferrag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2316-4806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lajos","family":"Balkanyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2626-3434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamas","family":"Bisztray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3243734.3243738"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mohammed Abuhamad Tamer Abuhmed David Mohaisen and Daehun Nyang. 2021. Large-scale and Robust Code Authorship Identification with Deep Feature Learning. ACM Trans. Priv. Secur. 24 4 (July 2021) 23:1\u201323:35. 10.1145\/3461666","DOI":"10.1145\/3461666"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-66402-6_6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3733799.3762964"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3468264.3468606"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3605770.3625215"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Luana Bulla Alessandro Midolo Misael Mongiov\u00ec and Emiliano Tramontana. 2024. EX-CODE: A Robust and Explainable Model to Detect AI-Generated Code. Information 15 12 (2024). 10.3390\/info15120819","DOI":"10.3390\/info15120819"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2018.23304"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2831143.2831160"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Soohyeon Choi Yong\u00a0Kiam Tan Mark\u00a0Huasong Meng Mohamed Ragab Soumik Mondal David Mohaisen and Khin Mi\u00a0Mi Aung. 2025. I Can Find You in Seconds! Leveraging Large Language Models for Code Authorship Attribution. 10.48550\/arXiv.2501.08165arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2501.08165 [cs] version: 1.","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2501.08165"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhangyin Feng Daya Guo Duyu Tang Nan Duan Xiaocheng Feng Ming Gong Linjun Shou Bing Qin Ting Liu Daxin Jiang and Ming Zhou. 2020. CodeBERT: A Pre-Trained Model for Programming and Natural Languages. 10.48550\/arXiv.2002.08155arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2002.08155 [cs].","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2002.08155"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ARES.2016.70"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jason Gray Daniele Sgandurra Lorenzo Cavallaro and Jorge Blasco\u00a0Alis. 2024. Identifying Authorship in Malicious Binaries: Features Challenges & Datasets. ACM Comput. Surv. 56 8 Article 212 (April 2024) 36\u00a0pages. 10.1145\/3653973","DOI":"10.1145\/3653973"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-16-6372-7_70"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-16-6372-7_70"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SANER64311.2025.00044"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xie He Arash\u00a0Habibi Lashkari Nikhill Vombatkere and Dilli\u00a0Prasad Sharma. 2024. Authorship Attribution Methods Challenges and Future Research Directions: A Comprehensive Survey. Information 15 3 (March 2024) 131. 10.3390\/info15030131Number: 3 Publisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute.","DOI":"10.3390\/info15030131"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P18-1031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Baixiang Huang Canyu Chen and Kai Shu. 2025. Authorship Attribution in the Era of LLMs: Problems Methodologies and Challenges. SIGKDD Explor. Newsl. 26 2 (Jan. 2025) 21\u201343. 10.1145\/3715073.3715076","DOI":"10.1145\/3715073.3715076"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3643991.3644926"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Patrick Juola. 2006. Authorship attribution. Found. Trends Inf. Retr. 1 3 (Dec. 2006) 233\u2013334. 10.1561\/1500000005","DOI":"10.1561\/1500000005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3267323.3268951"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Melanie Mitchell. 2023. Data Contamination and Model Collapse in AI Systems. AI Magazine 44 4 (2023) 358\u2013364. 10.1002\/aaai.12123","DOI":"10.1002\/aaai.12123"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Phuong\u00a0T. Nguyen Juri Di\u00a0Rocco Claudio Di\u00a0Sipio Riccardo Rubei Davide Di\u00a0Ruscio and Massimiliano Di\u00a0Penta. 2024. GPTSniffer: A CodeBERT-based classifier to detect source code written by ChatGPT. Journal of Systems and Software 214 (Aug. 2024) 112059. 10.1016\/j.jss.2024.112059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2024.112059"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3639474.3640068"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3361338.3361372"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Musfiqur Rahman SayedHassan Khatoonabadi Ahmad Abdellatif and Emad Shihab. 2024. Automatic Detection of LLM-generated Code: A Case Study of Claude 3 Haiku. 10.48550\/arXiv.2409.01382arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2409.01382 [cs] version: 1.","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2409.01382"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-23822-2_10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ilia Shumailov Yarin Gal Vitaly Shmatikov Nicolas Papernot and Ross Anderson. 2023. The Curse of Recursion: Training on Generated Data Makes Models Forget. Nature Machine Intelligence 5 (2023) 1411\u20131422. 10.1038\/s42256-023-00782-5","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-023-00782-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/popets-2018-0007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SANER53432.2022.00120"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Norbert Tihanyi Tamas Bisztray Mohamed\u00a0Amine Ferrag Ridhi Jain and Lucas\u00a0C. Cordeiro. 2024. How secure is AI-generated code: a large-scale comparison of large language models. Empirical Software Engineering 30 2 (Dec. 2024) 47. 10.1007\/s10664-024-10590-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-024-10590-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3295222.3295349"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3270101.3270110"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yue Wang Weishi Wang Shafiq Joty and Steven C.\u00a0H. Hoi. 2021. CodeT5: Identifier-aware Unified Pre-trained Encoder-Decoder Models for Code Understanding and Generation. 10.48550\/arXiv.2109.00859arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2109.00859 [cs].","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2109.00859"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sarim Zafar Muhammad\u00a0Usman Sarwar Saeed Salem and Muhammad\u00a0Zubair Malik. 2020. Language and Obfuscation Oblivious Source Code Authorship Attribution. IEEE Access 8 (2020) 197581\u2013197596. 10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3034932","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3034932"}],"event":{"name":"LLM4Code '26: 3rd International Workshop on Large Language Models For Code","location":"Rio de Janeiro Brazil","acronym":"LLM4Code '26","sponsor":["SIGSOFT ACM Special Interest Group on Software Engineering","IEEE CS","Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Large Language Models For Code"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3786181.3788707","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T06:37:00Z","timestamp":1783406220000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3786181.3788707"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3786181.3788707","10.1145\/3786181"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3786181.3788707","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-07-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}