{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T23:47:30Z","timestamp":1773618450466,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":54,"publisher":"ACM","content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3786304.3787878","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T23:43:22Z","timestamp":1772322202000},"page":"437-442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Martian Game: Exploring Open-Ended Question-Asking via an Online Gaming Environment"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5172-0090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gili","family":"Cohen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Data and Decision Sciences, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6048-587X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacob","family":"Sherson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9264-3334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janet","family":"Rafner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Business &amp; Management, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3872-7689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoed N.","family":"Kenett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Data and Decision Sciences, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nancy\u00a0E Adams. 2015. Bloom\u2019s taxonomy of cognitive learning objectives. Journal of the Medical Library Association: JMLA 103 3 (2015) 152.","DOI":"10.3163\/1536-5050.103.3.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_3_2","unstructured":"Kelsey Allen Franziska Br\u00e4ndle Matthew Botvinick Judith\u00a0E Fan Samuel\u00a0J Gershman Alison Gopnik Thomas\u00a0L Griffiths Joshua\u00a0K Hartshorne Tobias\u00a0U Hauser Mark\u00a0K Ho et\u00a0al. 2024. Using games to understand the mind. Nature Human Behaviour (2024) 1\u20139."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_4_2","volume-title":"Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals. Handbook 1: Cognitive domain","author":"Bloom Benjamin\u00a0S","year":"1956","unstructured":"Benjamin\u00a0S Bloom, Max\u00a0D Engelhart, Edward\u00a0J Furst, Walker\u00a0H Hill, David\u00a0R Krathwohl, et\u00a0al. 1956. Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals. Handbook 1: Cognitive domain. Longman New York."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2939672.2939785"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_6_2","unstructured":"Yuyan Chen Chenwei Wu Songzhou Yan Panjun Liu Haoyu Zhou and Yanghua Xiao. 2024. Dr. academy: A benchmark for evaluating questioning capability in education for large language models. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2408.10947 (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anna Coenen Jonathan\u00a0D Nelson and Todd\u00a0M Gureckis. 2019. Asking the right questions about the psychology of human inquiry: Nine open challenges. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 26 5 (2019) 1548\u20131587.","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-018-1470-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Costanza De\u00a0Simone and Azzurra Ruggeri. 2021. What is a good question asker better at? From unsystematic generalization to adult-like selectivity across childhood. Cognitive Development 59 (2021) 101082.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogdev.2021.101082"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_9_2","volume-title":"DigitalOcean","year":"2025","unstructured":"DigitalOcean. 2025. DigitalOcean. https:\/\/www.digitalocean.com\/ Cloud infrastructure platform used for hosting and deployment."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"August Flammer. 1981. Towards a theory of question asking. Psychological Research 43 4 (1981) 407\u2013420.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00309225"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jacob\u00a0W Getzels. 1979. Problem finding: A theoretical note. Cognitive Science 3 2 (1979) 167\u2013171.","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog0302_4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_12_2","unstructured":"T\u00a0Thing Goh H Mohamed NAA Jamaludin M\u00a0Nazri Ismail and HS Chua. 2020. Questions classification according to Bloom\u2019s taxonomy using universal dependency and Word Net. TEST engineering and management 82 (2020) 4374\u20134385."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jacqueline Gottlieb. 2021. The effort of asking good questions. Nature Human Behaviour 5 7 (2021) 823\u2013824.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-021-01132-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kurt Gray Stephen Anderson Eric\u00a0Evan Chen John\u00a0Michael Kelly Michael\u00a0S Christian John Patrick Laura Huang Yoed\u00a0N Kenett and Kevin Lewis. 2019. \u201cForward flow\u201d: A new measure to quantify free thought and predict creativity. American Psychologist 74 5 (2019) 539\u2013554.","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0000391"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nataliia Grebin Sofia Grabovska Ruslana Karkovska and Anna Vovk. 2020. Applying Benjamin Bloom\u2019s taxonomy ideas in adult learning. Journal of Education Culture and Society 11 1 (2020) 61\u201372.","DOI":"10.15503\/jecs2020.1.61.72"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mackenzie Harms Roni Reiter-Palmon and Douglas\u00a0C Derrick. 2020. The role of information search in creative problem solving. Psychology of Aesthetics Creativity and the Arts 14 3 (2020) 367.","DOI":"10.1037\/aca0000212"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tal Ivancovsky Shira Baror and Moshe Bar. 2024. A shared novelty-seeking basis for creativity and curiosity: Response to the commentators. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 47 (2024) e119.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X24000293"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dan\u00a0R Johnson James\u00a0C Kaufman Brendan\u00a0S Baker John\u00a0D Patterson Baptiste Barbot Adam\u00a0E Green Janet van Hell Evan Kennedy Grace\u00a0F Sullivan Christa\u00a0L Taylor et\u00a0al. 2023. Divergent semantic integration (DSI): Extracting creativity from narratives with distributional semantic modeling. Behavior Research Methods 55 7 (2023) 3726\u20133759.","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-022-01986-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greg\u00a0P Kearsley. 1976. Questions and question asking in verbal discourse: A cross-disciplinary review. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 5 (1976) 355\u2013375.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01079934"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kara Kedrick Ekaterina Levitskaya and Russell\u00a0J Funk. 2024. Conceptual structure and the growth of scientific knowledge. Nature Human Behaviour 8 10 (2024) 1915\u20131923.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-024-01957-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kara Kedrick Paul Schrater and Wilma Koutstaal. 2023. The Multifaceted Role of Self-Generated Question Asking in Curiosity-Driven Learning. Cognitive Science 47 4 (2023) e13253.","DOI":"10.1111\/cogs.13253"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoed\u00a0N Kenett Stacey Humphries and Anjan Chatterjee. 2023. A thirst for knowledge: Grounding curiosity creativity and aesthetics in memory and reward neural systems. Creativity Research Journal 35 3 (2023) 412\u2013426.","DOI":"10.1080\/10400419.2023.2165748"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DR Krathwohl. 2002. A Revision Bloom\u2019s Taxonomy: An Overview. Theory into Practice 41 4 (2002) 212\u2013218.","DOI":"10.1207\/s15430421tip4104_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eduard Kuric Peter Demcak and Matus Krajcovic. 2024. Unmoderated Usability Studies Evolved: Can GPT Ask Useful Follow-up Questions? International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction (2024) 1\u201318.","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2024.2427978"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simone\u00a0A Luchini Nadine\u00a0T Maliakkal Paul\u00a0V DiStefano Antonio Laverghetta\u00a0Jr John\u00a0D Patterson Roger\u00a0E Beaty and Roni Reiter-Palmon. 2025. Automated scoring of creative problem solving with large language models: A comparison of originality and quality ratings. Psychology of Aesthetics Creativity and the Arts (2025).","DOI":"10.1037\/aca0000736"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"David\u00a0M Lydon-Staley Dale Zhou Ann\u00a0Sizemore Blevins Perry Zurn and Danielle\u00a0S Bassett. 2021. Hunters busybodies and the knowledge network building associated with deprivation curiosity. Nature Human Behaviour 5 3 (2021) 327\u2013336.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-020-00985-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_27_2","volume-title":"ASP.NET Blazor","year":"2025","unstructured":"Microsoft. 2025. ASP.NET Blazor. https:\/\/dotnet.microsoft.com\/apps\/aspnet\/web-apps\/blazor Web framework for building interactive client-side web UIs with.NET."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_28_2","volume-title":"DALL\u00b7E 3","year":"2024","unstructured":"OpenAI. 2024. DALL\u00b7E 3. https:\/\/openai.com\/dall-e-3 Text-to-image generation model."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_29_2","volume-title":"GPT-4o via OpenAI API","year":"2024","unstructured":"OpenAI. 2024. GPT-4o via OpenAI API. https:\/\/platform.openai.com\/ Large language model used for in-game AI agent interaction."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mads\u00a0Kock Pedersen Carlos Mauricio\u00a0Casta\u00f1o D\u00edaz Qian\u00a0Janice Wang Mario\u00a0Alejandro Alba-Marrugo Ali Amidi Rajiv\u00a0V Basaiawmoit Carsten Bergenholtz Morten\u00a0H Christiansen Miroslav Gajdacz Ralph Hertwig et\u00a0al. 2023. Measuring Cognitive Abilities in the Wild: Validating a Population-Scale Game-Based Cognitive Assessment. Cognitive Science 47 6 (2023) e13308.","DOI":"10.1111\/cogs.13308"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Margaret\u00a0M Plack Maryanne Driscoll Maria Marquez Lynn Cuppernull Joyce Maring and Larrie Greenberg. 2007. Assessing reflective writing on a pediatric clerkship by using a modified Bloom\u2019s taxonomy. Ambulatory Pediatrics 7 4 (2007) 285\u2013291.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ambp.2007.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Janet Rafner Michael\u00a0Mose Biskj\u00e6r Blanka Zana Steven Langsford Carsten Bergenholtz Seyedahmad Rahimi Andrea Carugati Lior Noy and Jacob Sherson. 2022. Digital games for creativity assessment: Strengths weaknesses and opportunities. Creativity Research Journal 34 1 (2022) 28\u201354.","DOI":"10.1080\/10400419.2021.1971447"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Janet Rafner Qian\u00a0Janice Wang Miroslav Gadjacz Thomas Badts Brendan Baker Carsten Bergenholtz Michael\u00a0Mose Biskjaer Thomas Bui Andrea Carugati Matthieu De\u00a0Cibeins et\u00a0al. 2023. Towards game-based assessment of creative thinking. Creativity Research Journal 35 4 (2023) 763\u2013782.","DOI":"10.1080\/10400419.2023.2198845"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ashwin Ram. 1991. A theory of questions and question asking. Journal of the Learning Sciences 1 3-4 (1991) 273\u2013318.","DOI":"10.1080\/10508406.1991.9671973"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tuval Raz Michele\u00a0T Diaz and Yoed\u00a0N Kenett. 2025. The Effect of Aging on Question-Asking Divergent Thinking and Problem-Solving Abilities. Creativity Research Journal (2025) 1\u201315.","DOI":"10.1080\/10400419.2025.2498916"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tuval Raz and Yoed Kenett. 2024. Questions in Information Seeking: A Primer. PsyArxiv (2024).","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/qzsgf_v1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tuval Raz and Yoed\u00a0N Kenett. 2024. Question-asking as a mechanism of information seeking. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 47 (2024) e112.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X23003515"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tuval Raz and Yoed\u00a0N Kenett. 2025. There are no stupid questions only ones we think are stupid: The accuracy of self-assessed question asking ability. Only Ones We Think are Stupid: The Accuracy of Self-Assessed Question Asking Ability (2025).","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.5337687"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_39_2","unstructured":"Tuval Raz Roni Reiter-Palmon and Yoed\u00a0N Kenett. 2023. The role of asking more complex questions in creative thinking. Psychology of Aesthetics Creativity and the Arts (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tuval Raz Roni Reiter-Palmon and Yoed\u00a0N Kenett. 2024. Open and closed-ended problem solving in humans and AI: the influence of question asking complexity. Thinking Skills and Creativity 53 (2024) 101598.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tsc.2024.101598"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tuval Raz Roni Reiter-Palmon and Yoed\u00a0N Kenett. 2025. The role of asking more complex questions in creative thinking. Psychology of Aesthetics Creativity and the Arts (2025).","DOI":"10.1037\/aca0000658"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1410"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roni Reiter-Palmon Michael\u00a0D Mumford Jennifer O\u2019Connor\u00a0Boes and Mark\u00a0A Runco. 1997. Problem construction and creativity: The role of ability cue consistency and active processing. Creativity Research Journal 10 1 (1997) 9\u201323.","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326934crj1001_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roni Reiter-Palmon Michael\u00a0D Mumford and K\u00a0Victoria Threlfall. 1998. Solving everyday problems creatively: The role of problem construction and personality type. Creativity Research Journal 11 3 (1998) 187\u2013197.","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326934crj1103_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roni Reiter-Palmon and Erika\u00a0J Robinson. 2009. Problem identification and construction: What do we know what is the future? Psychology of Aesthetics Creativity and the Arts 3 1 (2009) 43\u201347.","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014629"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Azzurra Ruggeri Tania Lombrozo Thomas\u00a0L Griffiths and Fei Xu. 2016. Sources of developmental change in the efficiency of information search. Developmental Psychology 52 12 (2016) 2159\u20132173.","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0000240"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Azzurra Ruggeri Fei Xu and Tania Lombrozo. 2019. Effects of explanation on children\u2019s question asking. Cognition 191 (2019) 103966.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2019.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mark\u00a0A Runco and Jill Nemiro. 1994. Problem finding creativity and giftedness. Roeper Review 16 4 (1994) 235\u2013241.","DOI":"10.1080\/02783199409553588"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gal Sasson and Yoed\u00a0N Kenett. 2023. A mirror to human question asking: Analyzing the akinator online question game. Big Data and Cognitive Computing 7 1 (2023) 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/bdcc7010026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gal Sasson-Lazovsky Vered Pnueli and Yoed\u00a0N Kenett. 2025. Spot the spy: An online game for exploring question-asking in the wild. Behavior Research Methods 57 11 (2025) 316.","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-025-02835-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gal Sasson\u00a0Lazovsky Tuval Raz and Yoed\u00a0N Kenett. 2024. The Art of Creative Inquiry\u2014From Question Asking to Prompt Engineering. The Journal of Creative Behavior (2024) 1\u201316.","DOI":"10.1002\/jocb.671"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alberto Testoni Raffaella Bernardi and Azzurra Ruggeri. 2023. The Efficiency of Question-Asking Strategies in a Real-World Visual Search Task. Cognitive Science 47 12 (2023) e13396.","DOI":"10.1111\/cogs.13396"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eric\u00a0M VanEpps and Einav Hart. 2022. Questions and deception: How to ask better questions and elicit the truth. Current Opinion in Psychology 47 (2022) 101383.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2022.101383"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alex\u00a0Y Zheng Janessa\u00a0K Lawhorn Thomas Lumley and Scott Freeman. 2008. Application of Bloom\u2019s taxonomy debunks the\" MCAT myth\". Science 319 5862 (2008) 414\u2013415.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1147852"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dale Zhou Shubhankar Patankar David\u00a0M Lydon-Staley Perry Zurn Martin Gerlach and Dani\u00a0S Bassett. 2024. Architectural styles of curiosity in global Wikipedia mobile app readership. Science Advances 10 43 (2024) eadn3268.","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adn3268"}],"event":{"name":"CHIIR '26: 2026 ACM SIGIR Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval","location":"Seattle USA","acronym":"CHIIR '26","sponsor":["SIGIR ACM Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T22:48:12Z","timestamp":1773614892000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3786304.3787878"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]]},"references-count":54,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3786304.3787878","10.1145\/3786304"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3786304.3787878","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}