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Command selection is done through a memorizable sequence (e.g., 23211) input with a stationary hand and independent from the visualized command options. Experiments 1 and 2 test ExNovo vs a right-click menu system, demonstrating ExNovo is faster. Experiment 3 scales command quantity to \u223c400, with sequences up to length six. We find this impacts performance, but that performance improves with practice, ameliorating the interface complexity. We discuss ExNovo's accessibility benefits, applications to games and mixed reality environments, and questions for future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3786596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T16:31:12Z","timestamp":1776702672000},"page":"1-40","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["ExNovo: A User Interface that Supports Novices without Encumbering Experts"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5291-7871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Blair","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Science, Simon Fraser University","place":["Burnaby, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5227-0275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda","family":"Klassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Science, Simon Fraser University Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences","place":["Burnaby, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3462-014X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin","family":"O'camb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Science, Simon Fraser University","place":["Burnaby, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cal","family":"Woodruff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computing Science, Simon Fraser University","place":["Burnaby, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0302-1911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rollin","family":"Poe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Science, Simon Fraser University","place":["Burnaby, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6311-3051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine","family":"Chuong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of British Columbia","place":["Vancouver, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4501-0910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robin","family":"Barrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Science, Simon Fraser University","place":["Burnaby, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8721.2007.00511.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","unstructured":"A. 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