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In mainland China, individuals are turning to online social platforms like Douyin, WeChat, and Xiaohongshu to access spiritual content that blends religious, cultural, and philosophical traditions. In this paper, we present a mixed-methods study that combines a survey (N = 207) with in-depth interviews (N = 16) to examine how users engage with online spiritual content. The survey outlines general usage patterns across platforms, content types, and motivations, while the interviews reveal four key themes: the pragmatic use of spirituality to navigate emotional and material challenges; the flexible spiritual engagement; a cultural reconnection with spiritual heritage; and concerns over trust, authenticity, and regulation in the digital spiritual landscape. Based on these findings, we offer design implications for creating culturally grounded online spiritual experiences and contribute to HCI literature by advancing understanding of how sociotechnical systems can support spiritually meaningful engagement in diverse cultural contexts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3788049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T15:29:14Z","timestamp":1779290954000},"page":"1-28","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Digital Spirituality in Mainland China: Understanding Online Practices for Designing Culturally Relevant Spiritual Experiences CSCW013"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5474-6949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhuying","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering","place":["Nanjing, China"]},{"name":"Southeast University","place":["Nanjing, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of New Generation Artificial Intelligence Technology and Its Interdisciplinary Applications (Southeast University), Ministry of Education","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9254-445X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziteng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering","place":["Nanjing, China"]},{"name":"Southeast University","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8188-7576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Social and Behavioral Science","place":["Amsterdam, Netherlands"]},{"name":"University of Amsterdam","place":["Amsterdam, Netherlands"]},{"name":"National Institute of Informatics (NII)","place":["Amsterdam, Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7938-9538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exertion Games Lab","place":["Melbourne, Australia"]},{"name":"Monash University","place":["Melbourne, Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/9789004271647_020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohammad\u00a0Jahangir Alam. 2023. 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