{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T06:17:04Z","timestamp":1778653024102,"version":"3.51.4"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":20,"publisher":"ACM","content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,21]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3789938.3789960","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T05:59:12Z","timestamp":1778651952000},"page":"125-132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Automatic Classification of Toddler Gross Motor Development Based on Gait Feature Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0411-4626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jia-An","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2869-4169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tun-Wen","family":"Pai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9625-2306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui-Ju","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology, MacKay Children Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0871-5356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary Hsin-Ju","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hsinchu Municipal MacKay Children Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2717-8556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ya-Lan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Children Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4545-9697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hung-Yi","family":"Chiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_1_2","volume-title":"July 17","author":"Khan I.","year":"2023","unstructured":"I. Khan and B.L. Leventhal, \"Developmental delay,\" StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf, July 17, 2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2_2","first-page":"1541","article-title":"Change in prevalence status for children with developmental delay in Taiwan: A nationwide population-based retrospective study","volume":"11","author":"Kuo H.-T.","year":"2015","unstructured":"H.-T. Kuo et al., \"Change in prevalence status for children with developmental delay in Taiwan: A nationwide population-based retrospective study,\" Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol. 11, pp. 1541-1547, 2015.","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment"},{"issue":"22","key":"e_1_3_3_1_3_2","first-page":"11958","article-title":"Prevalence of developmental delay among children: A national study based on administrative database of the single-payer National Health Insurance System in Taiwan","volume":"18","author":"Ho L.-P.","year":"2021","unstructured":"L.-P. Ho and Y.-C. Lee, \"Prevalence of developmental delay among children: A national study based on administrative database of the single-payer National Health Insurance System in Taiwan,\" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 18, No. 22, 11958, 2021.","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2020.02.001","article-title":"Prevalence of preschool children developmental disabilities in northeastern Taiwan - Screening with Taipei City Developmental Screening Checklist for Preschoolers, 2nd Version","volume":"119","author":"Chen H.-J.","year":"2020","unstructured":"H.-J. Chen et al., \"Prevalence of preschool children developmental disabilities in northeastern Taiwan - Screening with Taipei City Developmental Screening Checklist for Preschoolers, 2nd Version,\" Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, Vol. 119, No. 8, pp. 1174-1181, 2020.","journal-title":"Journal of the Formosan Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_5_2","volume-title":"Brain Health and Substance Use (MSD), \"Global report on children with developmental disabilities,\" World Health Organization","author":"Health Mental","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mental Health, Brain Health and Substance Use (MSD), \"Global report on children with developmental disabilities,\" World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_6_2","volume-title":"December 13","author":"Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University, \"InBrief","year":"2024","unstructured":"Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University, \"InBrief: The Science of Early Childhood Development,\" Harvard University, December 13, 2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.5432\/ijshs.2.50","article-title":"Motor Development during Infancy and Early Childhood: Overview and Suggested Directions for Research","volume":"2","author":"Malina R.M.","year":"2004","unstructured":"R.M. Malina, \"Motor Development during Infancy and Early Childhood: Overview and Suggested Directions for Research,\" International Journal of Sport and Health Science, Vol. 2, pp. 50\u201366, 2004.","journal-title":"International Journal of Sport and Health Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_8_2","volume-title":"Development of gross motor skills in children under the age of 3 years: a decision tree approach,\" Frontiers in Public Health","author":"Xiong Y.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Y. Xiong, X. Hu, J. Cao, L. Shang, Y. Yao, and B. Niu, \"Development of gross motor skills in children under the age of 3 years: a decision tree approach,\" Frontiers in Public Health, Vol. 12, Article 1421173, 2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_9_2","volume-title":"Designing and evaluating the children's developmental motor disorders system: an experience from a developing country,\" BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","author":"Gozali E.","year":"2023","unstructured":"E. Gozali, R. Safdari, B. Rahimi, M. Ghazisaeedi, H. Farrokh-Eslamlou, and M. Sadeghi, \"Designing and evaluating the children's developmental motor disorders system: an experience from a developing country,\" BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, Vol. 23, Article 123, 2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_10_2","volume-title":"De Paula Carvalho, \"Relationship between trunk control and gross motor development of infants in the first year of life: A systematic review,\" Early Human Development","author":"Da Silva K.M.","year":"2024","unstructured":"K.M. Da Silva, R.F. P\u00e1dua, C.D.S.C. De S\u00e1, and R. De Paula Carvalho, \"Relationship between trunk control and gross motor development of infants in the first year of life: A systematic review,\" Early Human Development, Vol. 189, Article 105929, 2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_11_2","volume-title":"Factors influencing on gross motor skills in infants: Implications for walking development,\" Early Human Development","author":"Sangkarit N.","year":"2024","unstructured":"N. Sangkarit and W. Tapanya, \"Factors influencing on gross motor skills in infants: Implications for walking development,\" Early Human Development, Vol. 195, Article 106076, 2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_12_2","volume-title":"Inter- and intra-rater reliability of new application software for computerised paediatric version of Wisconsin Gait Scale,\" Scientific Reports","author":"Guzik A.","year":"2023","unstructured":"A. Guzik, A. Wolan-Nieroda, and M. Dru\u017cbicki, \"Inter- and intra-rater reliability of new application software for computerised paediatric version of Wisconsin Gait Scale,\" Scientific Reports, Vol. 13, Article 31436, 2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_13_2","volume-title":"Performance of Deep Learning Models in Forecasting Gait Trajectories of Children with Neurological Disorders,\" Sensors","author":"Kolaghassi R.","unstructured":"R. Kolaghassi, M.K. Al-Hares, G. Marcelli, and K. Sirlantzis, \"Performance of Deep Learning Models in Forecasting Gait Trajectories of Children with Neurological Disorders,\" Sensors, Vol. 22, No. 8, Article 2969, 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_14_2","volume-title":"Clinical reliability and validity of a video-based markerless gait evaluation method,\" Frontiers in Pediatrics","author":"Lin J.","year":"2023","unstructured":"J. Lin, Y. Wang, J. Sha, Y. Li, Z. Fan, W. Lei, and Y. Yan, \"Clinical reliability and validity of a video-based markerless gait evaluation method,\" Frontiers in Pediatrics, Vol. 11, Article 1331176, 2023."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-6383(00)00027-8","article-title":"Changes in arm posture during the early acquisition of walking","volume":"23","author":"Ledebt A.","year":"2000","unstructured":"A. Ledebt, \"Changes in arm posture during the early acquisition of walking,\" Infant Behavior and Development, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 79-89, 2000.","journal-title":"Infant Behavior and Development"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_16_2","volume-title":"Gait Events Prediction Using Hybrid CNN-RNN-Based Deep Learning Models through a Single Waist-Worn Wearable Sensor,\" Sensors","author":"Arshad M.Z.","unstructured":"M.Z. Arshad, A. Jamsrandorj, J. Kim, and K. Mun, \"Gait Events Prediction Using Hybrid CNN-RNN-Based Deep Learning Models through a Single Waist-Worn Wearable Sensor,\" Sensors, Vol. 22, No. 21, Article 8226, 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_17_2","volume-title":"Inter- and intra-rater reliability of new application software for computerised paediatric version of Wisconsin Gait Scale,\" Scientific Reports","author":"Guzik A.","year":"2023","unstructured":"A. Guzik, A. Wolan-Nieroda, and M. Dru\u017cbicki, \"Inter- and intra-rater reliability of new application software for computerised paediatric version of Wisconsin Gait Scale,\" Scientific Reports, Vol. 13, Article 31436, 2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2024.123158","article-title":"Feasibility of differentiating gait in Parkinson's disease and spinocerebellar degeneration using a pose estimation algorithm in two-dimensional video","volume":"464","author":"K. Eguchi","year":"2024","unstructured":"K. Eguchi et al., \"Feasibility of differentiating gait in Parkinson's disease and spinocerebellar degeneration using a pose estimation algorithm in two-dimensional video,\" Journal of the Neurological Sciences, Vol. 464, Article 123158, 2024.","journal-title":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1007\/s43465-020-00332-y","article-title":"Usability and Reliability of the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy Using Smartphone Slow-Motion Video Technology and a Motion Analysis Application: A Pilot Study","volume":"55","author":"Aroojis A.","year":"2021","unstructured":"A. Aroojis, B. Sagade, and S. Chand, \"Usability and Reliability of the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy Using Smartphone Slow-Motion Video Technology and a Motion Analysis Application: A Pilot Study,\" Indian Journal of Orthopaedics, Vol. 55, No. 4, pp. 931\u2013938, 2021.","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Orthopaedics"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_20_2","volume-title":"Automated implementation of the Edinburgh Visual GAIT Score (EVGS) using OpenPose and handheld smartphone video,\" Sensors","author":"Ramesh S.H.","unstructured":"S.H. Ramesh, E.D. Lemaire, A. Tu, K. Cheung, and N. Baddour, \"Automated implementation of the Edinburgh Visual GAIT Score (EVGS) using OpenPose and handheld smartphone video,\" Sensors, Vol. 23, No. 10, Article 4839, 2023."}],"event":{"name":"ICCBB 2025: 2025 9th International Conference on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics","location":"Tokyo Japan","acronym":"ICCBB 2025"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2025 9th International Conference on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3789938.3789960","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T06:02:10Z","timestamp":1778652130000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3789938.3789960"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,21]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3789938.3789960","10.1145\/3789938"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3789938.3789960","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}