{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T03:46:29Z","timestamp":1778816789576,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2024YFC3307602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFC3307602"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Talent Program","award":["2023JC10X009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023JC10X009"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010838","name":"Guangdong Office of Philosophy and Social Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["GD24CSH04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GD24CSH04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010838","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"AI Research and Learning Base of Urban Culture","award":["2023WZJD008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023WZJD008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trans. Soc. Comput."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In the era of digital governance, social media platforms have become critical arenas for citizen-state interaction and policy feedback. However, governments often struggle to translate massive, unstructured public discourse into actionable intelligence, frequently relying on aggregated metrics that obscure critical regional nuances. This study introduces a spatially-aware computational framework to bridge this gap. Integrating Large Language Model (LLM) based few-shot learning with SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) and GIS analysis, we examine the public reception of China\u2019s 2025 national childcare subsidy policy using a dataset of 352,448 comments. Our analysis reveals a stark divergence between information-seeking behaviors (high volume) and substantive legitimacy debates (high engagement). Crucially, we demonstrate that the socioeconomic drivers of this discourse\u2014such as gender ratios and educational attainment\u2014are highly spatially heterogeneous, necessitating distinct governance responses across different regions. This research contributes to the field of government information systems by validating a novel, replicable methodology for precision policy analytics, offering policymakers a tool to move beyond national averages and achieve more responsive, context-specific governance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3790251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T21:10:38Z","timestamp":1769202638000},"page":"1-22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Beyond Aggregate Feedback: A Spatially-Aware Computational Framework for Understanding Citizen-State Interaction on Social Media"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7501-2124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7444-2547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zheng","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Chicago","place":["Chicago, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5488-206X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muzhi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9838-0707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Chicago","place":["Chicago, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0848-2599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pan","family":"Hui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Media and Arts, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)","place":["Guangzhou, China"]},{"name":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","place":["Guangzhou, China"]},{"name":"Computer Science, University of Helsinki Faculty of Science","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/padr.12431"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/REST_a_00439"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077699018763307"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00148-023-00936-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2021.102458"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3185515"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/poi3.281"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3368\/jhr.0720-11051R1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15586898241257546"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/poi3.264"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N19-1423"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-024-05927-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3706119"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmad028"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0003055421000186"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40636-022-00259-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3140565"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14719037.2017.1327181"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2305016120"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rego.12367"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocae210"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.20170581"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003258742-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate2583"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42949-021-00023-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.36.1.151"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/poq\/nfaa015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0098132"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3295222.3295230"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/poi3.263"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2012.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksuci.2023.101776"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3532102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroecorev.2022.104161"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.70056"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpubeco.2018.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-019-0048-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/09589287231183169"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3582688"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2013.12.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-89737-5_3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3589334.3645334"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613905.3650732"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-025-04879-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3267442"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10834-020-09749-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2023.117357"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eiar.2025.108227"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2025 International Conference on Social Computing (ICSC 2025)","author":"Zhang Pu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pu Zhang, Zheng Wei, Muzhi Zhou, James Evans, and Pan Hui. 2025. Geographic patterns in public response to China\u2019s national childcare subsidy: A large-scale social media analysis. In Proceedings of the 2025 International Conference on Social Computing (ICSC 2025). Chen Yang, Charles Rahal, Xiaoming Fu, Jar-Der Luo, Xiu-Xiu Zhan James Evans, and Xiu-Xiu Zhan (Eds.). Springer, Shanghai, China."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdrr.2024.104422"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11069-024-06904-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3704991.3704994"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Social Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3790251","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]],"date-time":"2026-03-22T10:46:39Z","timestamp":1774176399000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3790251"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3790251"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3790251","relation":{},"ISSN":["2469-7818","2469-7826"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2469-7818","type":"print"},{"value":"2469-7826","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}