{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T13:58:38Z","timestamp":1785247118209,"version":"3.55.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":65,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3796496.3811806","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T10:33:05Z","timestamp":1780914785000},"page":"387-397","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Different Ways of \u2018Being a CS Student\u2019: Latent Profiles of Identity and Need Satisfaction, and Their Links to Attitudes and Persistence Intentions"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8406-9467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oluwafemi","family":"Osho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1341-0669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bart","family":"Knijnenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7331-1801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eileen T.","family":"Kraemer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7056-3111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cazembe","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8524-3559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gloria","family":"Washington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard University, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2534-3619","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"III","given":"John","family":"Porter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Morehouse College, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8605-4672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kinnis","family":"Gosha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Morehouse College, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_1_2","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 27th ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education","volume":"1","author":"Akram Bita","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bita Akram, Susan Fisk, Spencer Yoder, Cynthia Hunt, Thomas Price, Lina Battestilli, and Tiffany Barnes. 2022. Increasing Students\u2019 Persistence in Computer Science through a Lightweight Scalable Intervention. In Proceedings of the 27th ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education Vol. 1. 526\u2013532."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2_2","volume-title":"Auxiliary variables in mixture modeling: Three-step approaches using Mplus. Structural equation modeling: A multidisciplinary Journal 21, 3","author":"Asparouhov Tihomir","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tihomir Asparouhov and Bengt Muth\u00e9n. 2014. Auxiliary variables in mixture modeling: Three-step approaches using Mplus. Structural equation modeling: A multidisciplinary Journal 21, 3 (2014), 329\u2013341."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_3_2","volume-title":"Auxiliary variables in mixture modeling: Using the BCH method in Mplus to estimate a distal outcome model and an arbitrary secondary model. Mplus web notes 21, 2","author":"Asparouhov Tihomir","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tihomir Asparouhov and Bengt Muth\u00e9n. 2014. Auxiliary variables in mixture modeling: Using the BCH method in Mplus to estimate a distal outcome model and an arbitrary secondary model. Mplus web notes 21, 2 (2014), 1\u201322."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_4_2","volume-title":"Robustness of stepwise latent class modeling with continuous distal outcomes. Structural equation modeling: a multidisciplinary journal 23, 1","author":"Bakk Zsuzsa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zsuzsa Bakk and Jeroen K Vermunt. 2016. Robustness of stepwise latent class modeling with continuous distal outcomes. Structural equation modeling: a multidisciplinary journal 23, 1 (2016), 20\u201331."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0047231X.2024.2363127"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-4560.2011.01710.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_7_2","volume-title":"Lawrence Jun Zhang, and Xiaotong Chen","author":"Chen Jing","year":"2026","unstructured":"Jing Chen, Lawrence Jun Zhang, and Xiaotong Chen. 2026. L2 learners\u2019 self-regulated learning strategies and self-efficacy for writing achievement: A latent profile analysis. Language teaching research 30, 1 (2026), 14\u201335."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_8_2","unstructured":"Eunoh Cho. 2022. Relationship Between Help-seeking Behaviour of CS Undergraduate Students and Academic Performance. Ph. D. Dissertation. Virginia Tech."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.3061"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_10_2","volume-title":"Implicit theories of intelligence and academic achievement: A meta-analytic review. Frontiers in psychology 9","author":"Costa Ana","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ana Costa and Lu\u00edsa Faria. 2018. Implicit theories of intelligence and academic achievement: A meta-analytic review. Frontiers in psychology 9 (2018), 829."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_11_2","volume-title":"Self-determination theory. Handbook of theories of social psychology 1, 20","author":"Deci Edward L","year":"2012","unstructured":"Edward L Deci and Richard M Ryan. 2012. Self-determination theory. Handbook of theories of social psychology 1, 20 (2012), 416\u2013436."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_12_2","volume-title":"If \u2018we'can succeed,\u2018I'can too: Identity-based motivation and gender in the classroom. Contemporary educational psychology 37, 3","author":"Elmore Kristen C","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kristen C Elmore and Daphna Oyserman. 2012. If \u2018we'can succeed,\u2018I'can too: Identity-based motivation and gender in the classroom. Contemporary educational psychology 37, 3 (2012), 176\u2013185."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2787622.2787722"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/OMJ-03-2020-0891"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_15_2","first-page":"56","article-title":"How can humanistic coaching affect employee well-being and performance? An application of self-determination theory. Coaching","volume":"7","author":"Gabriel Allison S","year":"2014","unstructured":"Allison S Gabriel, Christina M Moran, and Jane Brodie Gregory. 2014. How can humanistic coaching affect employee well-being and performance? An application of self-determination theory. Coaching: An International Journal of Theory, Research and Practice 7, 1 (2014), 56\u201373.","journal-title":"An International Journal of Theory, Research and Practice"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44159-022-00056-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jee.20324"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-021-05185-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_19_2","volume-title":"Local solutions in the estimation of growth mixture models. Psychological methods 11, 1","author":"Hipp John R","year":"2006","unstructured":"John R Hipp and Daniel J Bauer. 2006. Local solutions in the estimation of growth mixture models. Psychological methods 11, 1 (2006), 36."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01461672231225364"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_21_2","volume-title":"Gender differences in academic self-efficacy: A metaanalysis. European journal of psychology of education 28","author":"Huang Chiungjung","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chiungjung Huang. 2013. Gender differences in academic self-efficacy: A metaanalysis. European journal of psychology of education 28 (2013), 1\u201335."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3501385.3543963"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.caeo.2022.100108"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2016.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_25_2","volume-title":"Special Issue","author":"Kam Adele H","year":"2018","unstructured":"Adele H Kam and Irfan N Umar. 2018. Fostering authentic learning motivations through gamification: A self-determination theory (SDT) approach. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 13, Special Issue (2018), 1\u20139."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3623615"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_27_2","volume-title":"Difficulty-as improvement in daily life: believing that difficulties are character-building supports well-being, effortful engagement, and experiencing successes. Self and Identity","author":"Kiper G\u00fclnaz","year":"2025","unstructured":"G\u00fclnaz Kiper, David Newman, and Daphna Oyserman. 2025. Difficulty-as improvement in daily life: believing that difficulties are character-building supports well-being, effortful engagement, and experiencing successes. Self and Identity (2025), 1\u201328."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lindif.2025.102686"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvb.2010.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvb.2008.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_31_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"How do educational experiences predict computing identity","volume":"22","author":"Lunn Stephanie","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stephanie Lunn, Monique Ross, Zahra Hazari, Mark Allen Weiss, Michael Georgiopoulos, and Kenneth Christensen. 2021. How do educational experiences predict computing identity? ACM Transactions on Computing Education (TOCE) 22, 2 (2021), 1\u201328.","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education (TOCE)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_32_2","volume-title":"Self-determination theory: A case study of evidence-based coaching. The sport psychologist 19, 4","author":"Mallett Clifford J","year":"2005","unstructured":"Clifford J Mallett. 2005. Self-determination theory: A case study of evidence-based coaching. The sport psychologist 19, 4 (2005), 417\u2013429."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15210251221086928"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3416465.3416476"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705511.2014.919825"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_36_2","volume-title":"Developing and Validating a Scale on Subjective Factors Affecting Retention of Underrepresented Computer Science Undergrads. In 2024 Black Issues in Computing Education (BICE)","author":"Osho Oluwafemi","unstructured":"Oluwafemi Osho, Ananya Gupta, Devon Brown, Bart Knijnenburg, Cazembe Kennedy, Gloria Washington, Stacey Sexton, Lingyuan Li, Eileen Kraemer, John Porter, . 2024. Developing and Validating a Scale on Subjective Factors Affecting Retention of Underrepresented Computer Science Undergrads. In 2024 Black Issues in Computing Education (BICE). IEEE, 8\u201314."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_37_2","volume-title":"Gender differences in grit and programming experience across course levels and their relationship to undergraduate students","author":"Osho Oluwafemi","year":"2026","unstructured":"Oluwafemi Osho, Ananya Gupta, Devon Brown, Bart Kninjenburg, Cazembe Kennedy, Eileen Kraemer, Stacey Sexton, Gloria Washington, Prakriti Subedi, Nathan Demssie, . 2026. Gender differences in grit and programming experience across course levels and their relationship to undergraduate students\u2019 intention to complete a computer science degree. Computer Science Education (2026), 1\u201338."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3545947.3576343"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3197091.3197139"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcps.2009.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.econedurev.2012.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/S0749-742320140000018006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_43_2","volume-title":"Identity-based motivation. Emerging trends in the social and behavioral sciences 38","author":"Oyserman Daphna","year":"2015","unstructured":"Daphna Oyserman. 2015. Identity-based motivation. Emerging trends in the social and behavioral sciences 38 (2015), 1\u201311."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/spc3.70028"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0011000010374775"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164403258447"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-9-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_48_2","first-page":"31","article-title":"Effective teaching and motivation: Application of self-determination theory","volume":"3","author":"Perlman Dana J","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dana J Perlman. 2013. Effective teaching and motivation: Application of self-determination theory. Journal of Research, Policy & Practice of Teachers and Teacher Education 3, 2 (2013), 31\u201337.","journal-title":"Journal of Research, Policy & Practice of Teachers and Teacher Education"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24059\/olj.v23i1.1422"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_50_2","volume-title":"Self-determination theory in human resource development: New directions and practical considerations. Advances in developing human resources 20, 2","author":"Scott Rigby C","year":"2018","unstructured":"C Scott Rigby and Richard M Ryan. 2018. Self-determination theory in human resource development: New directions and practical considerations. Advances in developing human resources 20, 2 (2018), 133\u2013147."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_51_2","volume-title":"Self-determination theory with application to employee health settings. Workplace health & safety 66, 8","author":"Ross Brenda M","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brenda M Ross and Donelle M Barnes. 2018. Self-determination theory with application to employee health settings. Workplace health & safety 66, 8 (2018), 367\u2013372."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_52_2","volume-title":"Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American psychologist 55, 1","author":"Ryan Richard M","year":"2000","unstructured":"Richard M Ryan and Edward L Deci. 2000. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American psychologist 55, 1 (2000), 68\u201378."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_53_2","volume-title":"Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation from a self-determination theory perspective: Definitions, theory, practices, and future directions. Contemporary educational psychology 61","author":"Ryan Richard M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Richard M Ryan and Edward L Deci. 2020. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation from a self-determination theory perspective: Definitions, theory, practices, and future directions. Contemporary educational psychology 61 (2020), 101860."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_54_2","volume-title":"Exploring patterns of short-and mid-term essential resource loss following hurricane Ike: A mixture modeling approach. Progress in Disaster Science","author":"Shigemoto Yuki","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yuki Shigemoto and William Giniewski. 2025. Exploring patterns of short-and mid-term essential resource loss following hurricane Ike: A mixture modeling approach. Progress in Disaster Science (2025), 100481."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3304221.3319791"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvb.2020.103445"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_57_2","volume-title":"College students","author":"Strayhorn Terrell L","unstructured":"Terrell L Strayhorn. 2018. College students\u2019 sense of belonging: A key to educational success for all students. Routledge."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2020.102449"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_59_2","volume-title":"Benjamin Wiles, Jennifer D Moss, Emily M Bonem, Qian Li, Yaheng Lu, and Chantal Levesque-Bristol. Competence and autonomous motivation as motivational predictors of college students","author":"Wang Cong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cong Wang, Hyun Jin Cho, Benjamin Wiles, Jennifer D Moss, Emily M Bonem, Qian Li, Yaheng Lu, and Chantal Levesque-Bristol. Competence and autonomous motivation as motivational predictors of college students\u2019 mathematics achievement: from the perspective of self-determination theory. International Journal of STEM Education 9, 1 (2022), 41."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11162-020-09592-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_61_2","volume-title":"Youyan Nie, Yen Leng Stefanie Chye, Boon San Coral Lim, Gregory Arief Liem, Eng Guan Tay, Ying-Yi Hong, and ChiYue Chiu.","author":"John Wang Chee Keng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chee Keng John Wang, Woon Chia Liu, Youyan Nie, Yen Leng Stefanie Chye, Boon San Coral Lim, Gregory Arief Liem, Eng Guan Tay, Ying-Yi Hong, and ChiYue Chiu. 2017. Latent profile analysis of students\u2019 motivation and outcomes in mathematics: an organismic integration theory perspective. Heliyon 3, 5 (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_62_2","volume-title":"Self-determination theory: A quarter century of human motivation research","author":"Weir Kirsten","unstructured":"Kirsten Weir. 2025. Self-determination theory: A quarter century of human motivation research. American Psychological Association. https:\/\/www.apa.org\/research-practice\/conduct-research\/self-determination-theory Breakthrough Psychological Science."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.990","article-title":"Predicting physical activity and outcome expectations in cancer survivors: an application of Self-Determination Theory","volume":"15","author":"Wilson Philip M","year":"2006","unstructured":"Philip M Wilson, Chris M Blanchard, Eric Nehl, and Frank Baker. 2006. Predicting physical activity and outcome expectations in cancer survivors: an application of Self-Determination Theory. Psycho-Oncology: Journal of the Psychological, Social and Behavioral Dimensions of Cancer 15, 7 (2006), 567\u2013578.","journal-title":"Psycho-Oncology: Journal of the Psychological, Social and Behavioral Dimensions of Cancer"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0012762"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-9861.2002.tb00074.x"}],"event":{"name":"RESPECT 2026: Conference on Research on Equity and Sustained Participation in Engineering, Computing, and Technology","location":"Chicago , IL , USA","acronym":"RESPECT 2026","sponsor":["SIGCSE ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Science Education"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Research on Equity and Sustained Participation in Engineering, Computing, and Technology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3796496.3811806","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T12:59:08Z","timestamp":1785243548000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3796496.3811806"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"references-count":65,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3796496.3811806","10.1145\/3796496"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3796496.3811806","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-08","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}