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Furthermore, the architectural design can include subtle errors that compromise the security of the entire system. In this article, we develop a security engine infrastructure,\n                    <jats:monospace>SEnTry<\/jats:monospace>\n                    , for systematically creating security architectures for protecting SoC designs against a variety of security subversions.\n                    <jats:monospace>SEnTry<\/jats:monospace>\n                    provides a plug-and-play, configurable subsystem composed of custom IPs that can be integrated into the platform to derive different security primitives. We develop an instance of\n                    <jats:monospace>SEnTry<\/jats:monospace>\n                    for supply-chain attacks. We discuss the spectrum of challenges involved in developing a unified architecture for systematic protection against the variety of attacks involved and the\n                    <jats:monospace>SEnTry<\/jats:monospace>\n                    approach to addressing them. We provide several case studies to demonstrate\n                    <jats:monospace>SEnTry<\/jats:monospace>\n                    design and perform extensive experiments to evaluate its overhead on multiple ASIC technologies. Our experiments suggest that\n                    <jats:monospace>SEnTry<\/jats:monospace>\n                    incurs minimal overhead in area and power consumption.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3797869","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T21:11:22Z","timestamp":1773090682000},"page":"1-25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["SENTRY: Protecting System-on-Chip Designs against Supply-Chain Attacks"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9160-5838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kshitij","family":"Raj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intel Corporation","place":["Austin, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3146-8496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atri","family":"Chatterjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Micro Devices Inc","place":["Santa Clara, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0754-2219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patanjali","family":"Slpsk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology Madras","place":["Chennai, India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6082-6961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Swarup","family":"Bhunia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida","place":["Gainesville, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8671-5052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandip","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida","place":["Gainesville, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Apple. 2021. 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