{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T02:08:11Z","timestamp":1783908491363,"version":"3.55.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":87,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3800645.3813015","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T18:41:17Z","timestamp":1781289677000},"page":"2409-2430","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["PsyMooc: Empowering Simulation-Based Educational Systems with LLM Agents to Train Clinical Interviewing Skills"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2276-6383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haoyuan","family":"Che","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1974-4697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fangyuan","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4291-6345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangfei","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1676-0015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunzhan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petal\u00a0S Abdool Latika Nirula Sarah Bonato Tarek\u00a0K Rajji and Ivan\u00a0L Silver. 2017. Simulation in undergraduate psychiatry: exploring the depth of learner engagement. Academic Psychiatry 41 2 (2017) 251\u2013261.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40596-016-0633-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Angelina Anthamatten and Jo\u00a0Ellen Holt. 2024. Integrating artificial intelligence into virtual simulations to develop entrustable professional activities. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners 20 9 (2024) 105192.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurpra.2024.105192"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-99965-9_39"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alvaro Barrera et\u00a0al. 2024. Empathy and the work of clinical psychiatrists: narrative review. BJPsych Advances 30 2 (2024) 116\u2013123.","DOI":"10.1192\/bja.2022.80"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cynthia\u00a0M Baseman Masum Hasan Nathaniel Swinger Sheila\u00a0AM Rauch Ehsan Hoque and Rosa\u00a0I Arriaga. 2025. \u2019Poker with Play Money\u2019: Exploring Psychotherapist Training with Virtual Patients. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 9 7 (2025) 1\u201329.","DOI":"10.1145\/3757450"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dinesh Bhugra Allan Tasman Soumitra Pathare Stefan Priebe Shubulade Smith John Torous Melissa\u00a0R Arbuckle Alex Langford Renato\u00a0D Alarc\u00f3n Helen Fung\u00a0Kum Chiu et\u00a0al. 2017. The WPA-lancet psychiatry commission on the future of psychiatry. The Lancet Psychiatry 4 10 (2017) 775\u2013818.","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(17)30333-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3610978.3640592"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jenni Burt Gary Abel Natasha Elmore John Campbell Martin Roland John Benson and Jonathan Silverman. 2014. Assessing communication quality of consultations in primary care: initial reliability of the Global Consultation Rating Scale based on the Calgary-Cambridge Guide to the Medical Interview. BMJ open 4 3 (2014) e004339.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-004339"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laurence Chaby Amine Benamara Maribel Pino Elise Prigent Brian Ravenet Jean-Claude Martin H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Vanderstichel Raquel Becerril-Ortega Anne-Sophie Rigaud and Mohamed Chetouani. 2022. Embodied virtual patients as a simulation-based framework for training clinician-patient communication skills: An overview of their use in psychiatric and geriatric care. Frontiers in virtual reality 3 (2022) 827312.","DOI":"10.3389\/frvir.2022.827312"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Warren\u00a0J Cheung Andrea\u00a0M Patey Jason\u00a0R Frank Meredith Mackay and Sylvain Boet. 2019. Barriers and enablers to direct observation of trainees\u2019 clinical performance: a qualitative study using the theoretical domains framework. Academic Medicine 94 1 (2019) 101\u2013114.","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000002396"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"David\u00a0A Cook. 2025. Creating virtual patients using large language models: scalable global and low cost. Medical teacher 47 1 (2025) 40\u201342.","DOI":"10.1080\/0142159X.2024.2376879"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amy Cowperthwait. 2020. NLN\/Jeffries simulation framework for simulated participant methodology. Clinical Simulation in Nursing 42 (2020) 12\u201321.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecns.2019.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eshita Dhar Umashankar Upadhyay Yaoru Huang Mohy Uddin George Manias Dimosthenis Kyriazis Usman Wajid Hamza AlShawaf and Shabbir Syed\u00a0Abdul. 2023. A scoping review to assess the effects of virtual reality in medical education and clinical care. Digital Health 9 (2023) 20552076231158022.","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076231158022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Philippa Ditton-Phare Carmel Loughland Robbert Duvivier and Brian Kelly. 2017. Communication skills in the training of psychiatrists: A systematic review of current approaches. Australian & New Zealand journal of psychiatry 51 7 (2017) 675\u2013692.","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867417707820"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3308532.3329429"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lucile Dupuy Etienne de Sevin H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Cassoudesalle Orlane Ballot Patrick Dehail Bruno Aouizerate Emmanuel Cuny Jean-Arthur Micoulaud-Franchi and Pierre Philip. 2021. Guidelines for the design of a virtual patient for psychiatric interview training. Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces 15 2 (2021) 99\u2013107.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12193-020-00338-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chukwuka Elendu Dependable\u00a0C Amaechi Alexander\u00a0U Okatta Emmanuel\u00a0C Amaechi Tochi\u00a0C Elendu Chiamaka\u00a0P Ezeh and Ijeoma\u00a0D Elendu. 2024. The impact of simulation-based training in medical education: A review. Medicine 103 27 (2024) e38813.","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000038813"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Catherine\u00a0K Ettman and Sandro Galea. 2023. The potential influence of AI on population mental health. JMIR Mental Health 10 (2023) e49936.","DOI":"10.2196\/49936"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3698205.3733954"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aidan Gilson Conrad\u00a0W Safranek Thomas Huang Vimig Socrates Ling Chi Richard\u00a0Andrew Taylor David Chartash et\u00a0al. 2023. How does ChatGPT perform on the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE)? The implications of large language models for medical education and knowledge assessment. JMIR medical education 9 1 (2023) e45312.","DOI":"10.2196\/45312"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ML Good. 2003. Patient simulation for training basic and advanced clinical skills. Medical education 37 (2003) 14\u201321.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2923.37.s1.6.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tristan Gorrindo and Eugene\u00a0V Beresin. 2015. Is \u201csee one do one teach one\u201d dead? Implications for the professionalization of medical educators in the twenty-first century. Academic Psychiatry 39 6 (2015) 613\u2013614.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40596-015-0424-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_24_2","unstructured":"Jean-Claude Granry and Marie-Christine Moll. 2012. \u00c9tat de l\u2019art (national et international) en mati\u00e8re de pratiques de simulation dans le domaine de la sant\u00e9. Haute autorit\u00e9 de sant\u00e9 (2012)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allan Hamilton. 2024. Artificial intelligence and healthcare simulation: the shifting landscape of medical education. Cureus 16 5 (2024).","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.59747"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yunhan He Kaixin Liang Binyao Han and Xinli Chi. 2023. A digital ally: The potential roles of ChatGPT in mental health services. Asian Journal of Psychiatry 88 (2023) 103726\u2013103726.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2023.103726"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Helen Higham. 2020. Simulation past present and future\u2014a decade of progress in simulation-based education in the UK. BMJ simulation & technology enhanced learning 7 5 (2020) 404.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjstel-2020-000601"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patrick\u00a0A Ho Christina Girgis James\u00a0K Rustad Douglas Noordsy and Theodore\u00a0A Stern. 2019. Advancing the mission of consultation-liaison psychiatry through innovation in teaching. Psychosomatics 60 6 (2019) 539\u2013548.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2019.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CAI64502.2025.00041"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lei Huang Weijiang Yu Weitao Ma Weihong Zhong Zhangyin Feng Haotian Wang Qianglong Chen Weihua Peng Xiaocheng Feng Bing Qin et\u00a0al. 2025. A survey on hallucination in large language models: Principles taxonomy challenges and open questions. ACM Transactions on Information Systems 43 2 (2025) 1\u201355.","DOI":"10.1145\/3703155"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_31_2","first-page":"319","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2025 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: System Demonstrations","author":"Jang Dongsuk","year":"2025","unstructured":"Dongsuk Jang, Ziyao Shangguan, Kyle Tegtmeyer, Anurag Gupta, Jan\u00a0T Czerminski, Sophie Chheang, and Arman Cohan. 2025. MedTutor: A Retrieval-Augmented LLM System for Case-Based Medical Education. In Proceedings of the 2025 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: System Demonstrations. 319\u2013353."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rikke Amalie\u00a0Agergaard Jensen Peter Musaeus and Kamilla Pedersen. 2024. Virtual patients in undergraduate psychiatry education: a systematic review and synthesis. Advances in Health Sciences Education 29 1 (2024) 329\u2013347.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10459-023-10247-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aliasghar Khakpaki. 2025. Advancements in artificial intelligence transforming medical education: a comprehensive overview. Medical education online 30 1 (2025) 2542807.","DOI":"10.1080\/10872981.2025.2542807"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3719160.3735656"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zoha Khawaja and Jean-Christophe B\u00e9lisle-Pipon. 2023. Your robot therapist is not your therapist: understanding the role of AI-powered mental health chatbots. Frontiers in Digital Health 5 (2023) 1278186.","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2023.1278186"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sheri Kiami and Pamela Donlan. 2022. The Impact of Simulation Based Experiences on Clinical Education: Physical Therapist Student Perspective. Journal of Higher Education Theory & Practice 22 3 (2022).","DOI":"10.33423\/jhetp.v22i3.5088"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laura\u00a0A Killam Frances\u00a0C Cavanagh Natalie Chevalier Karen Henze Kryslyn Mohan Katherine\u00a0E Timmermans Marian Luctkar-Flude and Jane Tyerman. 2025. Identifying Opportunities for Virtual Simulation to Bridge Gaps in Mental Health Nursing Education: A Qualitative Descriptive Study. Clinical Simulation in Nursing 105 (2025) 101772.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecns.2025.101772"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yeon\u00a0Soo Kim Hyun\u00a0Seung Moon Sangsu Lee and Tak\u00a0Yeon Lee. 2025. \u2019HistoChat\u2019: Leveraging AI-Driven Historical Personas for Personalized and Engaging Middle School History Education. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 9 7 (2025) 1\u201337.","DOI":"10.1145\/3757534"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pascal Kockwelp Marcel Meyerheim Dimitar Valkov Marvin Mergen Anna Junga Antonio Kr\u00fcger Bernhard Marschall Markus Holling and Benjamin Risse. 2024. VR-based Competence Training at Scale: Teaching Clinical Skills in the Context of Virtual Brain Death Examination. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 8 EICS (2024) 1\u201331.","DOI":"10.1145\/3664635"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carsten Korth and Heiner Fangerau. 2020. Blood tests to diagnose schizophrenia: self-imposed limits in psychiatry. The Lancet Psychiatry 7 10 (2020) 911\u2013914.","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30058-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brandon\u00a0N Kyle Irma Corral Nadyah\u00a0Janine John and PG Shelton. 2017. Educational scholarship and technology: resources for a changing undergraduate medical education curriculum. Psychiatric Quarterly 88 2 (2017) 249\u2013261.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11126-016-9474-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_42_2","unstructured":"Anna\u00a0Gr\u00f8ndahl Larsen Marita\u00a0Bjaaland Skjuve Asbj\u00f8rn F\u00f8lstad and Nena Van\u00a0As. 2025. LLM Hallucinations in Conversational AI for Customer Service: Framework and End-User Perceptions. International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction (2025) 1\u201322."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Youngho Lee Sun\u00a0Kyung Kim and Mi-Ran Eom. 2020. Usability of mental illness simulation involving scenarios with patients with schizophrenia via immersive virtual reality: A mixed methods study. PloS one 15 9 (2020) e0238437.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0238437"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eric Lenouvel Camelia Chivu Janet Mattson John\u00a0Q Young Stefan Kl\u00f6ppel and Severin Pinilla. 2022. Instructional design strategies for teaching the mental status examination and psychiatric interview: a scoping review. Academic Psychiatry 46 6 (2022) 750\u2013758.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40596-022-01617-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen Ling Xujiang Zhao Jiaying Lu Chengyuan Deng Can Zheng Junxiang Wang Tanmoy Chowdhury Yun Li Hejie Cui Xuchao Zhang et\u00a0al. 2025. Domain specialization as the key to make large language models disruptive: A comprehensive survey. Comput. Surveys 58 3 (2025) 1\u201339.","DOI":"10.1145\/3764579"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jingbang Liu Ting Chen Shan Li Yeru Xia Hong Zhu Ruijuan Wu Qinli Cao Xiaoyan Gong and Lili Wu. 2025. LLM-based pedagogical agent for ICU simulation instructor training: A quasi-experimental study. Nurse Education Today (2025) 106901.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2025.106901"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3715336.3735789"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matthew Macaluso Mark Kinzie Deborah Cowley Lillian\u00a0J Houston Sandra DeJong Furhut Janssen Adrienne Bentman Laura Edgar Brittany Campbell Lynneice Bowen et\u00a0al. 2020. The psychiatry milestones 2.0: how did we get from 1.0 to 2.0 and what can users expect? Academic Psychiatry 44 6 (2020) 779\u2013784.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40596-020-01275-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gudrun Maenhout Valerie Billiet Marit Sijmons and Dimitri Beeckman. 2021. The effect of repeated high-fidelity in situ simulation-based training on self-efficacy self-perceived leadership qualities and team performance: A quasi-experimental study in a NICU-setting. Nurse Education Today 100 (2021) 104849.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2021.104849"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Molly Magill Nadine\u00a0R Mastroleo and Steve Martino. 2022. Technology-based methods for training counseling skills in behavioral health: A scoping review. Journal of technology in behavioral science 7 3 (2022) 325\u2013336.","DOI":"10.1007\/s41347-022-00252-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-43458-7_34"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_52_2","unstructured":"Meta Platforms Inc. and affiliates. [n. d.]. Faiss Documentation. https:\/\/faiss.ai\/. Accessed: 2026-04-07."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simon Michaelson and Shireen Rahim. 2023. Communication skills training in psychiatry. BJPsych Advances 29 1 (2023) 56\u201367.","DOI":"10.1192\/bja.2021.80"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3625008.3625037"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yaohong Niu Jingbo Sun Kerun Zhu Bojun Xu Yin-Ping Zhang and Min Peng. 2025. The Critical Role and Effects of Patient-Centered Communication in Psychotherapy: A Narrative Review. Psychology Research and Behavior Management (2025) 1657\u20131671.","DOI":"10.2147\/PRBM.S528343"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Julie Nordgaard Louis\u00a0A Sass and Josef Parnas. 2013. The psychiatric interview: validity structure and subjectivity. European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 263 4 (2013) 353\u2013364.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-012-0366-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farnaz Nouraei Keith Rebello Mina Fallah Prasanth Murali Haley Matuszak Valerie Jap Andrea Parker Michael Paasche-Orlow and Timothy Bickmore. 2025. Virtual Agent-Based Communication Skills Training to Facilitate Health Persuasion Among Peers. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 9 2 (2025) 1\u201324.","DOI":"10.1145\/3711101"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahmud Omar Shelly Soffer Alexander\u00a0W Charney Isotta Landi Girish\u00a0N Nadkarni and Eyal Klang. 2024. Applications of large language models in psychiatry: a systematic review. Frontiers in psychiatry 15 (2024) 1422807.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1422807"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613905.3650866"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3715336.3735786"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3586183.3606763"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marie-Aude Piot Chris Attoe Gregoire Billon Sean Cross Jan-Joost Rethans and Bruno Falissard. 2021. Simulation training in psychiatry for medical education: a review. Frontiers in psychiatry 12 (2021) 658967.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.658967"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marie-Aude Piot Agn\u00e8s Dechartres Chris Attoe Fabrice Jollant C\u00e9dric Lemogne Carine Layat\u00a0Burn Jan-Joost Rethans Daphne Michelet Sean Cross Gregoire Billon et\u00a0al. 2020. Simulation in psychiatry for medical doctors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medical education 54 8 (2020) 696\u2013708.","DOI":"10.1111\/medu.14166"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-24281-7_3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yochai Re\u2019em. 2021. Telepsychiatry: A Unique Opportunity for Learning the Psychiatric Interview. American Journal of Psychiatry Residents\u2019 Journal 16 3 (2021) 4\u20135.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp-rj.2021.160303"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sonya Rudra and Abigail Swerdlow. 2022. Improving Clinical Skills in Psychiatry Using Online Simulation. BJPsych Open 8 S1 (2022) S33\u2013S33.","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2022.149"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3719487.3719532"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Enik\u00f6\u00a0\u00c8va Savander Jukka Hintikka Mariel Wuolio and Anssi Per\u00e4kyl\u00e4. 2021. The patients\u2019 Practises disclosing subjective experiences in the psychiatric intake interview. Frontiers in Psychiatry 12 (2021) 605760.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.605760"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ross\u00a0J Scalese Vivian\u00a0T Obeso and S\u00a0Barry Issenberg. 2008. Simulation technology for skills training and competency assessment in medical education. Journal of general internal medicine 23 Suppl 1 (2008) 46\u201349.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-007-0283-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thomas Scurr Abdallah Adbelkerim Jessica Scott and Stephen Haupt. 2024. Bringing Simulation-Based Education in Psychiatry Into the Virtual Sphere. BJPsych Open 10 S1 (2024) S118\u2013S118.","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2024.325"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sina Shool Sara Adimi Reza Saboori\u00a0Amleshi Ehsan Bitaraf Reza Golpira and Mahmood Tara. 2025. A systematic review of large language model (LLM) evaluations in clinical medicine. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making 25 1 (2025) 117.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-025-02954-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3706598.3714014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2019.8856335"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-43356-6_20"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sebastian Volkmer Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg and Emanuel Schwarz. 2024. Large language models in psychiatry: Opportunities and challenges. Psychiatry research 339 (2024) 116026.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2024.116026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3706599.3719741"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Micki Washburn Danielle\u00a0E Parrish and Patrick\u00a0S Bordnick. 2020. Virtual patient simulations for brief assessment of mental health disorders in integrated care settings. Social Work in Mental Health 18 2 (2020) 121\u2013148.","DOI":"10.1080\/15332985.2017.1336743"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kailai Yang Shaoxiong Ji Tianlin Zhang Qianqian Xie Ziyan Kuang and Sophia Ananiadou. 2023. Towards interpretable mental health analysis with large language models. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2304.03347 (2023).","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.emnlp-main.370"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3514197.3549621"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ilker Yildirim and LA Paul. 2024. From task structures to world models: what do LLMs know? Trends in Cognitive Sciences 28 5 (2024) 404\u2013415.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2024.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"John\u00a0Q Young Rebekah Sugarman Jessica Schwartz and Patricia\u00a0S O\u2019Sullivan. 2020. Overcoming the challenges of direct observation and feedback programs: a qualitative exploration of resident and faculty experiences. Teaching and Learning in Medicine 32 5 (2020) 541\u2013551.","DOI":"10.1080\/10401334.2020.1767107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3461615.3485442"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jianwen Zeng Wenhao Qi Shiying Shen Xin Liu Sixie Li Bing Wang Chaoqun Dong Xiaohong Zhu Yankai Shi Xiajing Lou et\u00a0al. 2025. Embracing the Future of Medical Education With Large Language Model\u2013Based Virtual Patients: Scoping Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research 27 (2025) e79091.","DOI":"10.2196\/79091"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_84_2","unstructured":"Weibing Zheng Laurah Turner Jess Kropczynski Murat Ozer Tri Nguyen and Shane Halse. 2025. LLM-as-a-Fuzzy-Judge: Fine-Tuning Large Language Models as a Clinical Evaluation Judge with Fuzzy Logic. arXiv preprint arXiv:https:\/\/arXiv.org\/abs\/2506.11221 (2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3706599.3719693"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yujie Zhu Mingyuan Zhang Cong Fang Le Fang Meichen Liu Yonghao Long Kun-Pyo Lee Lie Zhang and Stephen\u00a0Jia Wang. 2025. AI Doctor for ASD: Physician Perceptions and Adoption Challenges in Autism Clinical Practice. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 9 2 (2025) 1\u201328.","DOI":"10.1145\/3710925"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3706598.3713109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_1_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Youness Zidoun and Abdelmoniem\u00a0EL Mardi. 2024. Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Based simulators versus simulated patients in undergraduate programs: A protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Medical Education 24 1 (2024) 1260.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-024-06236-x"}],"event":{"name":"DIS '26: Designing Interactive Systems Conference","location":"Singapore , Singapore","acronym":"DIS '26","sponsor":["SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2026 Designing Interactive Systems Conference"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3800645.3813015","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T01:38:25Z","timestamp":1783906705000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3800645.3813015"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]]},"references-count":87,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3800645.3813015","10.1145\/3800645"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3800645.3813015","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}