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This review systematically analyzes 68 experiments deploying ML models on FPGAs for Remote Sensing applications. We introduce two distinct taxonomies to capture both efficient model architectures and FPGA implementation strategies. For transparency and reproducibility, we follow PRISMA 2020 guidelines and share all data and code at\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"url\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/CedricLeon\/Survey_RS-ML-FPGA\">https:\/\/github.com\/CedricLeon\/Survey_RS-ML-FPGA<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3800686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T20:51:56Z","timestamp":1772830316000},"page":"1-36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["FPGA-Enabled Machine Learning Applications in Earth Observation: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2252-2173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cedric","family":"Leonard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CAPS, Technical University of Munich","place":["Munich, Germany"]},{"name":"MF-DAS, Remote Sensing Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR)","place":["Munich, Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5096-7063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dirk","family":"Stober","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAPS, Technical University of Munich","place":["Munich, Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9013-435X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Schulz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAPS, Technical University of Munich","place":["Munich, Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FPL.2018.00077"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kamel Abdelouahab Maxime Pelcat Jocelyn Serot and Fran\u00e7ois Berry. 2018. 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