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Methodol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Over the past decade, modern code review (MCR) has been established as a cornerstone of software quality assurance and a vital channel for knowledge transfer within development teams. However, the manual inspection of increasingly complex systems remains a cognitively demanding and resource-intensive activity, often leading to significant workflow bottlenecks. This article presents a comprehensive roadmap for the evolution of MCR, consolidating over a decade of research (2013\u20132025) into a unified taxonomy comprising improvement techniques, which focus on the technical optimization and automation of downstream review tasks, and understanding studies, which investigate the underlying socio-technical mechanisms and empirical phenomena of the review process. By diagnosing the current landscape through a strategic SWOT analysis, we examine the transformative impact of generative AI and identify critical gaps between burgeoning AI capabilities and industrial realities. We envision a future where MCR evolves from a human-driven task into a symbiotic partnership between developers and intelligent systems. Our roadmap charts this course by proposing three pivotal paradigm shifts, Context-Aware Proactivity, Value-Driven Evaluation, and Human-Centric Symbiosis, aiming to guide researchers and practitioners in transforming MCR into an intelligent, inclusive, and strategic asset for the AI-driven future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3800963","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T10:53:14Z","timestamp":1773399194000},"page":"1-42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Roadmap for Modern Code Review: Challenges and Opportunities"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9092-3381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zezhou","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of\u00a0Technology, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4774-2434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cuiyun","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of\u00a0Technology, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8971-5755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaoqiang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huawei Technologies Co Ltd., Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4909-1535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenhao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huawei Technologies Co Ltd., Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0145-615X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Software Engineering Application Technology Lab, Huawei, Shenzen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6302-3256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colleague of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China and Hangzhou High-Tech Zone (Binjiang) Institute of Blockchain and Data Security, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4645-2526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuming","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JCS-210098"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"ESEM","author":"Ahmed Sharif","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sharif Ahmed and Nasir U. 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