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By specifying researcher-chosen Orientations of Interest (OOIs), the method yields heatmap visualizations that highlight where gaze flow aligns with compositional structure and symmetry. These heatmaps provide compact, interpretable depictions of dominant saccadic organization and enable visual analytics of very large saccade sets. We further present HeatMatch, a robust, scalable, and segmentation-free similarity framework computed directly from the field statistics. In an art-perception eye-tracking study with long viewing times, we show that HeatMatch recovers genre-, stimulus-, and subject-level regularities and reveals stable individual viewing signatures that generalize across different paintings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3803539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T12:32:52Z","timestamp":1777638772000},"page":"1-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["HeatMatch: Orientation-Aware Visualization and Comparison of Very Dense Saccade Patterns"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6459-4460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xingyu","family":"Long","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Art History","place":["Vienna, Austria"]},{"name":"University of Vienna","place":["Vienna, Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5569-9056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jozsef","family":"Arato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vienna Cognitive Science Hub","place":["Vienna, Austria"]},{"name":"University of Vienna","place":["Vienna, Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1510-901X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophia","family":"Kury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Art History","place":["Vienna, Austria"]},{"name":"University of Vienna","place":["Vienna, Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7100-9833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Miscena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Art History","place":["Vienna, Austria"]},{"name":"University of Vienna","place":["Vienna, Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3342-7858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raphael","family":"Rosenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Art History","place":["Vienna, Austria"]},{"name":"University of Vienna","place":["Vienna, Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-014-0550-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","volume-title":"Art and Visual Perception: A Psychology of the Creative Eye","author":"Arnheim Rudolf","year":"1954","unstructured":"Rudolf Arnheim. 1954. 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