{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T17:49:48Z","timestamp":1782236988316,"version":"3.54.5"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":70,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Education and Research"},{"name":"Mannheim Center for European Social Research (MZES) Seed Funding Program"},{"name":"Konrad Zuse Schools of Excellence in Artificial Intelligence (DAAD)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3805689.3812391","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T16:20:39Z","timestamp":1782231639000},"page":"5981-6005","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Conformal Prediction and the Many-Worlds of Fairness"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0803-230X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Broden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9406-7761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Simson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Statistics, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany, Munich Center for Machine Learning (MCML), Munich, Germany, and Universit\u00e4t Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7363-4299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph","family":"Kern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4t Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany, Department of Statistics, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany, and Munich Center for Machine Learning (MCML), Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s11023-024-09706-9","article-title":"Fairness in algorithmic profiling: The AMAS Case","volume":"35","author":"Achterhold Eva","year":"2025","unstructured":"Eva Achterhold, Monika M\u00fchlb\u00f6ck, Nadia Steiber, and Christoph Kern. 2025. Fairness in algorithmic profiling: The AMAS Case. Minds and Machines 35, 1 (2025), 9.","journal-title":"Minds and Machines"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Ulrich A\u00efvodji Hiromi Arai Olivier Fortineau S\u00e9bastien Gambs Satoshi Hara and Alain Tapp. 2019. Fairwashing: the risk of rationalization. arXiv:1901.09749 [cs.LG] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1901.09749"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3540261.3541397"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fdata.2020.00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2107.07511"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5164\/IAB.FDZD.1904.en.v1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/dap.2023.29"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1905.02928"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/23-AOS2276"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Modeling the Machine Learning Multiverse. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 35 (Dec","author":"Bell Samuel J.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Samuel J. Bell, Onno Kampman, Jesse Dodge, and Neil Lawrence. 2022. Modeling the Machine Learning Multiverse. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 35 (Dec. 2022), 18416\u201318429. https:\/\/proceedings.neurips.cc\/paper_files\/paper\/2022\/hash\/750337e1301941f81ae31a90e0a1c181-Abstract-Conference.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3630106.3658928"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Emily Black Logan Koepke Pauline Kim Solon Barocas and Mingwei Hsu. 2024. The Legal Duty to Search for Less Discriminatory Algorithms. arXiv:2406.06817 [cs]","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.4590481"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3531146.3533149"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"Sacha Braun David Holzm\u00fcller Michael I. Jordan and Francis Bach. 2025. Conditional Coverage Diagnostics for Conformal Prediction. arXiv:2512.11779 [stat.ML] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2512.11779"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/ss\/1009213726"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2632-2153\/aba6f3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2301.11562"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"Council of the European Union. 2024. Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence and amending Regulations (EC) No 300\/2008 (EU) No 167\/2013 (EU) No 168\/2013 (EU) 2018\/858 (EU) 2018\/1139 and (EU) 2019\/2144 and Directives 2014\/90\/EU (EU) 2016\/797 and (EU) 2020\/1828 (Artificial Intelligence Act). https:\/\/data.consilium.europa.eu\/doc\/document\/PE-24-2024-INIT\/en\/pdf. PE\/24\/2024\/INIT."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jesse C. Cresswell Bhargava Kumar Yi Sui and Mouloud Belbahri. 2025. Conformal Prediction Sets Can Cause Disparate Impact. arXiv:2410.01888 [cs] doi:10.48550\/arXiv.2410.01888","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2410.01888"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2515245920954925"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sam Desiere Kristine Langenbucher and Ludo Struyven. 2019. Statistical profiling in public employment services. OECD Social Employment and Migration Working Papers No. 224. doi:10.1787\/b5e5f16e-en https:\/\/www.oecd-ilibrary.org\/content\/paper\/b5e5f16e-en.","DOI":"10.1787\/b5e5f16e-en"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0047279420000203"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511779398"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3696457"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giq.2024.101976"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aies.v8i2.36609"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Seymour Geisser. 2017. Predictive Inference. Chapman and Hall\/CRC New York. doi:10.1201\/9780203742310","DOI":"10.1201\/9780203742310"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"The statistical crisis in science. American scientist 102, 6","author":"Gelman Andrew","year":"2014","unstructured":"Andrew Gelman and Eric Loken. 2014. The statistical crisis in science. American scientist 102, 6 (2014), 460\u2013465."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2053951722108930510.1177\/20539517221089305"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Malte Schierholz, Frauke Kreuter, and G\u00f6ran Kauermann.","author":"Gruber Cornelia","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cornelia Gruber, Patrick Oliver Schenk, Malte Schierholz, Frauke Kreuter, and G\u00f6ran Kauermann. 2025. Sources of Uncertainty in Supervised Machine Learning - A Statisticians' View. arXiv:2305.16703 [stat.ML] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2305.16703"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1002\/cjs.5550340410","article-title":"Classification with Reject Option","volume":"34","author":"Herbei Radu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Radu Herbei and Marten H. Wegkamp. 2006. Classification with Reject Option. The Canadian Journal of Statistics \/ La Revue Canadienne de Statistique 34, 4 (2006), 709\u2013721. http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/20445230","journal-title":"The Canadian Journal of Statistics \/ La Revue Canadienne de Statistique"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1198\/106186007X237892"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10994-021-05946-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","unstructured":"Frank Hutter Holger Hoos and Kevin Leyton-Brown. 2014. An Efficient Approach for Assessing Hyperparameter Importance. (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"Eyke H\u00fcllermeier. 2021. Prescriptive Machine Learning for Automated Decision Making: Challenges and Opportunities. arXiv:2112.08268 [cs.LG] https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2112.08268"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2010.14134"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Patrick Kaiser Christoph Kern and David R\u00fcgamer. 2022. Uncertainty-Aware Predictive Modeling for Fair Data-Driven Decisions. arXiv:2211.02730 [stat] doi:10.48550\/arXiv.2211.02730","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2211.02730"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3689485"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Handbook of labour market policy in advanced democracies","author":"K\u00f6rtner John","unstructured":"John K\u00f6rtner and Giuliano Bonoli. 2023. Predictive algorithms in the delivery of public employment services. In Handbook of labour market policy in advanced democracies. Edward Elgar Publishing, 387\u2013398."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Selim Kuzucu Jiaee Cheong Hatice Gunes and Sinan Kalkan. 2024. Uncertainty-Based Fairness Measures. arXiv:2312.11299 [cs] doi:10.48550\/arXiv.2312.11299","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2312.11299"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3593013.3594087"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","first-page":"308","article-title":"Sensitivity Analyses Would Help","volume":"75","author":"Leamer Edward E.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Edward E. Leamer. 1985. Sensitivity Analyses Would Help. The American Economic Review 75, 3 (1985), 308\u2013313. jstor:1814801 https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/1814801","journal-title":"The American Economic Review"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jing Lei and Larry Wasserman. 2012. Distribution Free Prediction Bands. arXiv:1203.5422 [stat] doi:10.48550\/arXiv.1203.5422","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1203.5422"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems","author":"Long Carol Xuan","unstructured":"Carol Xuan Long, Hsiang Hsu, Wael Alghamdi, and Flavio P. Calmon. 2023. Individual arbitrariness and group fairness. In Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (New Orleans, LA, USA) (NIPS '23). Curran Associates Inc., Red Hook, NY, USA, Article 3001, 23 pages."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","volume-title":"Profiling the unemployed: a review of OECD experiences and implications for emerging economies. Social Protection and labor discussion paper SP 1424","author":"Loxha Artan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Artan Loxha and Matteo Morgandi. 2014. Profiling the unemployed: a review of OECD experiences and implications for emerging economies. Social Protection and labor discussion paper SP 1424 (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3468507.3468511"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13347-023-00679-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3457607"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-statistics-042720-125902"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","unstructured":"Roberto I Oliveira Paulo Orenstein Thiago Ramos and Jo\u00e3o Vitor Romano. 2024. Split Conformal Prediction and Non-Exchangeable Data. (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-36755-1_29"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3287560.3287567"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2015.05.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Julia M Rohrer Jessica Hullman and Andrew Gelman. 2026. What's a Multiverse Good for Anyway? https:\/\/osf.io\/preprints\/psyarxiv\/37g29_v1\/","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/37g29_v1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lucas Rosenblatt and R. Teal Witter. 2024. FairlyUncertain: A Comprehensive Benchmark of Uncertainty in Algorithmic Fairness. arXiv:2410.02005 [cs] doi:10.48550\/arXiv.2410.02005","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2410.02005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2508.07872"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3531146.3533232"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797611417632"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-020-0912-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3706598.3713482"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3630106.3658974"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3677173"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691616658637"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Davut Emre Tasar. 2025. The Coverage-Deferral Trade-Off: Fairness Implications of Conformal Prediction in Human-in-the-Loop Decision Systems. (2025). doi:10.20944\/preprints202512.2631.v1","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202512.2631.v1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2011.03065"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Aditya T. Vadlamani Anutam Srinivasan Pranav Maneriker Ali Payani and Srinivasan Parthasarathy. 2025. A Generic Framework for Conformal Fairness. arXiv:2505.16115 [cs] doi:10.48550\/arXiv.2505.16115","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2505.16115"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_67_1","volume-title":"Drake","author":"Rossum Guido Van","year":"2009","unstructured":"Guido Van Rossum and Fred L. Drake. 2009. Python 3 Reference Manual. CreateSpace, Scotts Valley, CA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10994-013-5355-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/b106715"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3736575"}],"event":{"name":"FAccT '26: The 2026 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency","location":"Montreal QC Canada","acronym":"FAccT '26","sponsor":["ACM\/SIG"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2026 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T17:17:19Z","timestamp":1782235039000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3805689.3812391"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"references-count":70,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3805689.3812391","10.1145\/3805689"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3805689.3812391","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}