{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T18:05:34Z","timestamp":1784138734011,"version":"3.55.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":25,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]],"date-time":"2026-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784419200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"funder":[{"name":"Center for Inclusive Digital Transformation of Africa (CIDTA) and the Afretec Network","award":["X"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["X"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3805712.3808531","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T14:28:19Z","timestamp":1783693699000},"page":"5259-5262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["From Translation to Retrieval: Evaluating LLM-Based Information Retrieval for Hausa and Fongbe"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1284-5563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahounan Pericles","family":"Adjovi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University Africa, Kigali, Rwanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8612-5175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roald","family":"Eiselen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Text Technology, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7530-9497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prasenjit","family":"Mitra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University Africa, Kigali, Rwanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","first-page":"14918","article-title":"Is ChatGPT Good at Search? Investigating Large Language Models as Re-Ranking Agents","author":"Sun Weiwei","year":"2023","unstructured":"Weiwei Sun, Lingyong Yan, Xinyu Ma, Shuaiqiang Wang, Pengjie Ren, Zhumin Chen, Dawei Yin, and Zhaochun Ren. 2023. Is ChatGPT Good at Search? Investigating Large Language Models as Re-Ranking Agents. In EMNLP, 14918-14937.","journal-title":"EMNLP"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","first-page":"9414","article-title":"Query2Doc: Query Expansion with Large Language Models","author":"Wang Liang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liang Wang, Nan Yang, and Furu Wei. 2023. Query2Doc: Query Expansion with Large Language Models. In EMNLP, 9414-9423.","journal-title":"EMNLP"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","first-page":"9459","article-title":"Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Tasks","volume":"33","author":"Patrick Lewis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Patrick Lewis et al. 2020. Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Tasks. In NeurIPS, vol. 33, 9459-9474.","journal-title":"NeurIPS"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","first-page":"8721","article-title":"AfriCLIRMatrix: Enabling Cross-Lingual Information Retrieval for African Languages","author":"Ogundepo Odunayo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Odunayo Ogundepo, Xinyu Zhang, Shuo Sun, Kevin Duh, and Jimmy Lin. 2022. AfriCLIRMatrix: Enabling Cross-Lingual Information Retrieval for African Languages. In EMNLP, 8721-8728.","journal-title":"EMNLP"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","first-page":"650","article-title":"Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Reranking with Large Language Models for Low-Resource Languages","author":"Adeyemi Mofetoluwa","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mofetoluwa Adeyemi, Akintunde Oladipo, Ronak Pradeep, and Jimmy Lin. 2024. Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Reranking with Large Language Models for Low-Resource Languages. In ACL (Short Papers), 650-656.","journal-title":"ACL (Short Papers)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","first-page":"293","article-title":"CIRAL: A Test Collection for CLIR Evaluations in African Languages","author":"Mofetoluwa Adeyemi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mofetoluwa Adeyemi et al. 2024. CIRAL: A Test Collection for CLIR Evaluations in African Languages. In SIGIR, 293-302.","journal-title":"SIGIR"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","first-page":"392","article-title":"ChatGPT MT: Competitive for High- (but Not Low-) Resource Languages","author":"Robinson Nathaniel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nathaniel Robinson, Perez Ogayo, David R. Mortensen, and Graham Neubig. 2023. ChatGPT MT: Competitive for High- (but Not Low-) Resource Languages. In WMT, 392-418.","journal-title":"WMT"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","first-page":"4232","article-title":"MEGA: Multilingual Evaluation of Generative AI","author":"Kabir Ahuja","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kabir Ahuja et al. 2023. MEGA: Multilingual Evaluation of Generative AI. In EMNLP, 4232-4267.","journal-title":"EMNLP"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","first-page":"2368","article-title":"Distillation for Multilingual Information Retrieval","author":"Yang Eugene","year":"2024","unstructured":"Eugene Yang, Dawn Lawrie, and James Mayfield. 2024. Distillation for Multilingual Information Retrieval. In SIGIR, 2368-2373.","journal-title":"SIGIR"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"\u00d6zy\u00ef\u011fit","author":"Macmillan-Scott Olivia","year":"2025","unstructured":"Olivia Macmillan-Scott, Roksana Goworek, and Eda B. \u00d6zy\u00ef\u011fit. 2025. Generative Query Expansion with Multilingual LLMs for Cross-Lingual Information Retrieval. arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.19325."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","first-page":"8440","article-title":"Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scale","author":"Alexis Conneau","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alexis Conneau et al. 2020. Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scale. In ACL, 8440-8451.","journal-title":"ACL"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","first-page":"4336","article-title":"Adapting Pre-trained Language Models to African Languages via Multilingual Adaptive Fine-Tuning","author":"Alabi Jesujoba O.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jesujoba O. Alabi, David Ifeoluwa Adelani, Marius Mosbach, and Dietrich Klakow. 2022. Adapting Pre-trained Language Models to African Languages via Multilingual Adaptive Fine-Tuning. In COLING, 4336-4349.","journal-title":"COLING"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.mrl-1.11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shijie Wu and Mark Dredze. 2020. Are All Languages Created Equal in Multilingual BERT? In RepL4NLP Workshop 120-130.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.repl4nlp-1.16"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xinyu Zhang et al. 2023. Making a MIRACL: Multilingual Information Retrieval Across a Continuum of Languages. TACL 11:1114-1131.","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00595"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","first-page":"4160","article-title":"CLIRMatrix: A Massively Large Collection of Bilingual and Multilingual Datasets for Cross-Lingual Information Retrieval","author":"Sun Shuo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shuo Sun and Kevin Duh. 2020. CLIRMatrix: A Massively Large Collection of Bilingual and Multilingual Datasets for Cross-Lingual Information Retrieval. In EMNLP, 4160-4170.","journal-title":"EMNLP"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","first-page":"2356","article-title":"Pyserini: A Python Toolkit for Reproducible Information Retrieval Research with Sparse and Dense Representations","author":"Lin Jimmy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jimmy Lin, Xueguang Ma, Sheng-Chieh Lin, Jheng-Hong Yang, Ronak Pradeep, and Rodrigo Nogueira. 2021. Pyserini: A Python Toolkit for Reproducible Information Retrieval Research with Sparse and Dense Representations. In SIGIR, 2356-2362.","journal-title":"SIGIR"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","first-page":"6490","article-title":"CCMatrix: Mining Billions of High-Quality Parallel Sentences on the Web","author":"Schwenk Holger","year":"2021","unstructured":"Holger Schwenk, Guillaume Wenzek, Sergey Edunov, Edouard Grave, Armand Joulin, and Angela Fan. 2021. CCMatrix: Mining Billions of High-Quality Parallel Sentences on the Web. In ACL, 6490-6500.","journal-title":"ACL"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"NLLB Team Marta R. Costa-juss\u00e0 James Cross et al. 2022. No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2207.04672."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.63317\/59wvhpiwbv7y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","first-page":"55","article-title":"How Contextual are Contextualized Word Representations? Comparing the Geometry of BERT, ELMo, and GPT-2 Embeddings","author":"Ethayarajh Kawin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kawin Ethayarajh. 2019. How Contextual are Contextualized Word Representations? Comparing the Geometry of BERT, ELMo, and GPT-2 Embeddings. In EMNLP-IJCNLP, 55-65.","journal-title":"EMNLP-IJCNLP"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","first-page":"3488","article-title":"MasakhaPOS: Part-of-Speech Tagging for Typologically Diverse African Languages","author":"Bamba Dione Cheikh M.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cheikh M. Bamba Dione et al. 2023. MasakhaPOS: Part-of-Speech Tagging for Typologically Diverse African Languages. In ACL, 3488-3507.","journal-title":"ACL"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/9781009128070.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110880182"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","first-page":"4488","article-title":"MasakhaNER 2.0: Africa-centric Transfer Learning for Named Entity Recognition","author":"Adelani David Ifeoluwa","year":"2022","unstructured":"David Ifeoluwa Adelani et al. 2022. MasakhaNER 2.0: Africa-centric Transfer Learning for Named Entity Recognition. In EMNLP, 4488-4508.","journal-title":"EMNLP"}],"event":{"name":"SIGIR '26: The 49th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","location":"Melbourne VIC Australia","sponsor":["SIGIR ACM Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 49th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T17:17:27Z","timestamp":1784135847000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3805712.3808531"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3805712.3808531","10.1145\/3805712"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3805712.3808531","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-07-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}