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Cyber-Phys. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The development of embodied AI (EAI) critically depends on efficient data acquisition, yet faces persistent challenges including high costs, limited training scenarios, and lack of standardized datasets. We present AIRSPEED, an open source data production platform designed to address these bottlenecks through three core innovations. First, AIRSPEED achieves hardware\u2013software decoupling via unified robot and simulation interfaces, enabling seamless integration with diverse data collection devices and simulation platforms. Second, it supports comprehensive data production methods spanning teleoperation and teaching approaches, as well as synthetic data generation through data synthesis and virtual teleoperation. Third, AIRSPEED automates pyramid-structured dataset construction compatible with both HDF5 and LeRobot formats, significantly reducing manual overhead. Experimental validation demonstrates substantial efficiency gains, achieving up to 35.6\u00d7 acceleration in dataset construction and 6.0\u00d7 overall speedup compared to manual workflows. With end-to-end latency as low as 3\u2009ms and compression throughput exceeding 296 MB\/s, AIRSPEED establishes a scalable foundation for EAI data production. AISPEED is open sourced on this website:\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/airs-cuhk\/airspeed\">URL<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3806827","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T14:05:29Z","timestamp":1775657129000},"page":"1-22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["AIRSPEED: An Open Source Data Production Platform for Embodied Artificial Intelligence"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0118-7482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuan","family":"Xia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7108-8294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xianqiao","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIRSPARK.ai, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0139-3622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5694-2423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jialin","family":"Jiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roblox Corporation, San Mateo, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7857-6606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinmin","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DORA.ai, Los Angeles, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3938-6970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xing","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1274-7079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongjun","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7497-5058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haoran","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4208-2432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yufei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6912-1953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tongyi","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5618-6359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ning","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5132-8351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaoshan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3653468"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90053-M"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/559357"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","unstructured":"Fanqi Lin Yingdong Hu Pingyue Sheng Chuan Wen Jiacheng You and Yang Gao. 2024. 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