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Embed. Comput. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Light field image depth estimation methods involve a large number of parameters and floating-point operations. This makes FPGA-based acceleration design a huge challenge, especially when pursuing high-precision acceleration design on resource-limited FPGAs. Motivated by this issue, a resource-efficient hardware accelerator based on a high-precision, low-bit lightweight light field image depth estimation network scheme is proposed, named RE-LFDE. First, we present a parameter-sharing, low-bit and lightweight network. It is able to improve accuracy, simplify the network structure and reduce network parameters. Secondly, we design a time-division multiplexing hardware-software co-design dataflow structure and build a resource-efficient acceleration engine, which can be deployed on the resource-limited FPGAs efficiently. Experimental results show that the average MSE on the 4D LF benchmark of RE-LFDE and its full-precision networks can be reduced to 3.265 and 3.363, respectively, while the weight parameters can be as low as 0.30MB and 0.04MB. Furthermore, on the ZCU104 platform, the consumption of BRAM and LUTRAM can be reduced to 22.44% and 13.64%, respectively. The code and model of the proposed method are available at\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/sansi-zhang\/RE-LFDE\">https:\/\/github.com\/sansi-zhang\/RE-LFDE<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3807499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T11:35:57Z","timestamp":1775561757000},"page":"1-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["RE-LFDE: A Resource-Efficient Hardware Accelerator for Low-Bit Light Field Image Depth Estimation"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1020-9452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanxi University of Finance and Economics","place":["Taiyuan, China"]},{"name":"China and Shanxi Key Laboratory of Data Element Innovation and Economic Decision Analysis","place":["Taiyuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4915-118X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chuanlun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics","place":["Taiyuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9123-0858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanxi University of Finance and Economics","place":["Taiyuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8897-0778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuangli","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xi'an University of Technology","place":["Xi'an, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6024-4804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenxuan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanxi University of Finance and Economics","place":["Taiyuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6870-6048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanxi University of Finance and Economics","place":["Taiyuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1895-0587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiguang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2632-2153\/ac0ea1"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","unstructured":"Wentao Chao Fuqing Duan Xuechun Wang Yingqian Wang and Guanghui Wang. 2023. 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