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ACM Program. Lang."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    To achieve peak performance on modern GPUs, one must balance two frames of mind: issuing instructions to individual threads to control their behavior, while simultaneously tracking the convergence of many threads acting in concert to perform\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">collective operations<\/jats:italic>\n                    like Tensor Core instructions. The tension between these two mindsets makes modular programming error prone. Functions that encapsulate collective operations, despite being called per-thread, must be executed cooperatively by groups of threads.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In this work, we introduce Prism, a new GPU language that restores modularity while still giving programmers the low-level control over collective operations necessary for high performance. Our core idea is\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">typed perspectives<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which materialize, at the type level, the granularity at which the programmer is controlling the behavior of threads. We describe the design of Prism, implement a compiler for it, and lay its theoretical foundations in a core calculus called Bundl. We implement state-of-the-art GPU kernels in Prism and find that it offers programmers the safety guarantees needed to confidently write modular code without sacrificing performance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3808290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T18:04:09Z","timestamp":1780941849000},"page":"1077-1101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Modular GPU Programming with Typed Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8570-1947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manya","family":"Bansal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4738-8524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Sainati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9399-9308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph W.","family":"Cutler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7231-7643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saman","family":"Amarasinghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6243-9543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Ragan-Kelley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/292540.292555"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","unstructured":"Advanced Micro Devices Inc.. 2024. 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