{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T17:05:36Z","timestamp":1781715936846,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Embed. Comput. Syst."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Control flow errors (CFEs) pose a serious threat to the reliability of embedded systems, particularly under increasing integration density and shrinking feature sizes. Existing CFE detection techniques typically rely on coarse-grained analysis and uniform checking strategies, lacking fine-grained awareness of structural and runtime characteristics. This limitation often leads to considerable overhead, making such approaches less suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems. To tackle this shortcoming, we propose a CFE Detection approach guided by Basic block Vulnerability Analysis (CDBVA) that aims to strike a balance between the detection effectiveness and the overhead. Specifically, we first extract the CFE-related structural and execution features to characterize basic block vulnerability. Then, we train a learning-based model to predict basic blocks that are vulnerable to CFEs. Finally, we design a hybrid signature checking strategy that performs appropriate checks on vulnerable and non-vulnerable basic blocks separately. Experimental results demonstrate that CDBVA achieves an average prediction accuracy of 86.2% and an average CFE coverage of 95.79%, outperforming state-of-the-art approaches. While maintaining high CFE coverage, CDBVA improves the evaluation factor by 12.14%\u201320.82%, achieving a favorable tradeoff between detection effectiveness and overhead. In addition, CDBVA demonstrates stable performance across diverse input conditions and heterogeneous hardware architectures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3816034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T11:04:05Z","timestamp":1779102245000},"page":"1-35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring the Vulnerability of Basic Blocks for Control Flow Error Detection"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2596-8419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3989-1520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingjing","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8437-6640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingxuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4750-6516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bao","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4577-0581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2347-8897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiteng","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0706-0148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","place":["Nanjing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","volume-title":"Compilers Principles, Techniques","author":"Alfred V.","year":"2007","unstructured":"V. Alfred, S. Monica, Sethi Ravi, Ullman Jeffrey D., et\u00a0al. 2007. Compilers Principles, Techniques. Pearson."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/71.774911"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2013.2248373","article-title":"Software-based control flow checking against transient faults in industrial environments","volume":"10","author":"Asghari Seyyed Amir","year":"2013","unstructured":"Seyyed Amir Asghari, Hassan Taheri, Hossein Pedram, and Okyay Kaynak. 2013. Software-based control flow checking against transient faults in industrial environments. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 10, 1 (2013), 481\u2013490.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","unstructured":"Jose Rodrigo Azambuja Fernando Sousa Lucas Rosa and Fernanda Lima Kastensmidt. 2023. Evaluating the efficiency of software-only techniques to detect SEU and SET in microprocessors. arXiv:2309.16876. Retrieved from https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2309.16876"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3660524"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3054924"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCC.2020.2973146"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","unstructured":"I. Chatterjee. 2020. From MOSFETs to FinFETs-the soft error scaling trends. Retrieved from https:\/\/radnext.web.cern.ch\/blog\/from-mosfets-to-finfets\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DSN.2019.00018"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Xgboost: Extreme gradient boosting","volume":"1","author":"Chen Tianqi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tianqi Chen, Tong He, Michael Benesty, Vadim Khotilovich, Yuan Tang, Hyunsu Cho, Kailong Chen, et\u00a0al. 2015. Xgboost: Extreme gradient boosting. R package version 0.4-2 1, 4 (2015), 1\u20134.","journal-title":"R package version 0.4-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNS.2015.2484842"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics8020166"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3018","DOI":"10.1109\/TNS.2011.2168828","article-title":"A dual mode redundant approach for microprocessor soft error hardness","volume":"58","author":"Clark Lawrence T.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lawrence T. Clark, Dan W. Patterson, Nathan D. Hindman, Keith E. Holbert, Satendra Maurya, and Steven M. Guertin. 2011. A dual mode redundant approach for microprocessor soft error hardness. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 58, 6 (2011), 3018\u20133025.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"2020 IEEE European Test Symposium (ETS)","author":"Natale Giorgio Di","year":"2020","unstructured":"Giorgio Di Natale and Osnat Keren. 2020. Nonlinear codes for control flow checking. In 2020 IEEE European Test Symposium (ETS). IEEE, 1\u20136."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2023.3245842"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1109\/FDTC.2019.00010","volume-title":"2019 Workshop on Fault Diagnosis and Tolerance in Cryptography (FDTC)","author":"Dumont Mathieu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mathieu Dumont, Mathieu Lisart, and Philippe Maurine. 2019. Electromagnetic fault injection: How faults occur. In 2019 Workshop on Fault Diagnosis and Tolerance in Cryptography (FDTC). IEEE, 9\u201316."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1109\/ISSPIT.2007.4458184","volume-title":"2007 IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology","author":"El-Attar Ashraf M.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ashraf M. El-Attar and Gamal Fahmy. 2007. An improved watchdog timer to enhance imaging system reliability in the presence of soft errors. In 2007 IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology. IEEE, 1100\u20131104."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1109\/DSN.2016.24","volume-title":"2016 46th Annual IEEE\/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (DSN)","author":"Fang Bo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bo Fang, Qining Lu, Karthik Pattabiraman, Matei Ripeanu, and Sudhanva Gurumurthi. 2016. ePVF: An enhanced program vulnerability factor methodology for cross-layer resilience analysis. In 2016 46th Annual IEEE\/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (DSN). IEEE, 168\u2013179."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WWC.2001.990739"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","first-page":"2179","article-title":"A novel efficient crash consistency solution enabling rollback recovery for secure NVM in low-power energy harvesting systems","volume":"22","author":"Han Youngkwang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Youngkwang Han, Zhenyu Hu, Jongouk Choi, Kazi Abu Zubair, Amro Awad, Changhee Jung, and Brent Byunghoon Kang. 2024. A novel efficient crash consistency solution enabling rollback recovery for secure NVM in low-power energy harvesting systems. IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing 22, 3 (2024), 2179\u20132196.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40537-020-00369-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2354410.2355132"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","unstructured":"M. J. Harrold and G. Rothermel. 2010. Siemens programs hr variants. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.cc.gatech.edu\/aristotle\/Tools\/subjects"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3581784.3607078"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1109\/SOCC49529.2020.9524751","volume-title":"2020 IEEE 33rd International System-on-Chip Conference (SOCC)","author":"Hoppe Augusto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Augusto Hoppe, J\u00fcrgen Becker, and Fernanda Lima Kastensmidt. 2020. Fine grained control flow checking with dedicated FPGA monitors. In 2020 IEEE 33rd International System-on-Chip Conference (SOCC). IEEE, 219\u2013224."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microrel.2021.114264"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1109\/MCSoC57363.2022.00052","volume-title":"2022 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Embedded Multicore\/Many-core Systems-on-Chip (MCSoC)","author":"Huang Jer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jer Huang, Yi-Ju Ke, and Shih-Lung Pao. 2022. Critical signature assertion and on-the-fly recovery for control flow errors in processors. In 2022 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Embedded Multicore\/Many-core Systems-on-Chip (MCSoC). IEEE, 284\u2013290."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3571885.3571907"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1109\/DFT.2016.7684076","volume-title":"2016 IEEE International Symposium on Defect and Fault Tolerance in VLSI and Nanotechnology Systems (DFT)","author":"Iturbe Xabier","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xabier Iturbe, Balaji Venu, and Emre Ozer. 2016. Soft error vulnerability assessment of the real-time safety-related ARM Cortex-R5 CPU. In 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Defect and Fault Tolerance in VLSI and Nanotechnology Systems (DFT). IEEE, 91\u201396."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","first-page":"4039","volume-title":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","volume":"33","author":"Juba Brendan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Brendan Juba and Hai S. Le. 2019. Precision-recall versus accuracy and the role of large data sets. In Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 33. 4039\u20134048."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2022.102652"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1145\/2465554.2465568","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 14th ACM SIGPLAN\/SIGBED Conference on Languages, Compilers and Tools for Embedded Systems","author":"Khudia Daya Shanker","year":"2013","unstructured":"Daya Shanker Khudia and Scott Mahlke. 2013. Low cost control flow protection using abstract control signatures. In Proceedings of the 14th ACM SIGPLAN\/SIGBED Conference on Languages, Compilers and Tools for Embedded Systems. 3\u201312."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3519941.3535070"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","first-page":"245","article-title":"Software implemented transient fault detection in space computer","volume":"11","author":"Li Aiguo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Aiguo Li and Bingrong Hong. 2007. Software implemented transient fault detection in space computer. Aerospace Science and Technology 11, 2-3 (2007), 245\u2013252.","journal-title":"Aerospace Science and Technology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DSN.2018.00038"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","first-page":"2287","article-title":"A control flow checking method based on abstract basic block and formatted signature","volume":"37","author":"Li Jianli","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jianli Li, Qingping Tan, Lanfang Tan, and Jianjun Xu. 2014. A control flow checking method based on abstract basic block and formatted signature. Chinese Journal of Computers 37, 11 (2014), 2287.","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Computers"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","first-page":"18476","volume-title":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","volume":"39","author":"Li Weikai","year":"2025","unstructured":"Weikai Li, Ding Wang, Zijian Ding, Atefeh Sohrabizadeh, Zongyue Qin, Jason Cong, and Yizhou Sun. 2025. Hierarchical mixture of experts: Generalizable learning for high-level synthesis. In Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 39. 18476\u201318484."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3437801.3441589"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","first-page":"1566","article-title":"Identifying SDC-causing Instructions based on Random forests algorithm","volume":"13","author":"Liu LiPing","year":"2019","unstructured":"LiPing Liu, LinLin Ci, Wei Liu, and Hui Yang. 2019. Identifying SDC-causing Instructions based on Random forests algorithm. KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS) 13, 3 (2019), 1566\u20131582.","journal-title":"KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/12.2145"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","unstructured":"Sandya Mannarswamy and Dibyendu Das. 2022. Learning to combine instructions in LLVM compiler. arXiv:2202.12379. Retrieved from https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2202.12379"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MICRO.2003.1253181"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1109\/HiPC.2019.00048","volume-title":"2019 IEEE 26th International Conference on High Performance Computing, Data, and Analytics (HiPC)","author":"Mutlu Burcu O.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Burcu O. Mutlu, Gokcen Kestor, Adrian Cristal, Osman Unsal, and Sriram Krishnamoorthy. 2019. Ground-truth prediction to accelerate soft-error impact analysis for iterative methods. In 2019 IEEE 26th International Conference on High Performance Computing, Data, and Analytics (HiPC). IEEE, 333\u2013344."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"2023 IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS)","author":"Narasimham B.","year":"2023","unstructured":"B. Narasimham, H. Luk, C. Paone, A-R. Montoya, T. Riehle, M. Smith, and L. Tsau. 2023. Scaling trends and the effect of process variations on the soft error rate of advanced finfet SRAMs. In 2023 IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS). 1\u20134."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","first-page":"10C\u20132","volume-title":"2024 IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS)","author":"Narasimham Balaji","year":"2024","unstructured":"Balaji Narasimham, A. R. Montoya, C. Paone, T. Riehle, Mike Smith, Liming Tsau, D. Ball, and B. Bhuva. 2024. Scaling trends and bias dependence of SRAM SER from 16-nm to 3-nm FinFET. In 2024 IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS). IEEE, 10C\u20132."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TR.2019.2925086"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/24.994926"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3712285.3759822"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1145\/3377811.3380435","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM\/IEEE 42nd International Conference on Software Engineering","author":"Ramu Ramanathan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ramanathan Ramu, Ganesha B. Upadhyaya, Hoan Anh Nguyen, and Hridesh Rajan. 2020. BCFA: Bespoke control flow analysis for CFA at scale. In Proceedings of the ACM\/IEEE 42nd International Conference on Software Engineering. 1037\u20131048."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","first-page":"94","volume-title":"2021 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","author":"Ren Jinting","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jinting Ren, Xianzhang Chen, Duo Liu, Moming Duan, Renping Liu, and Chengliang Wang. 2021. Forseti: An efficient basic-block-level sensitivity analysis framework towards multi-bit faults. In 2021 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE). IEEE, 94\u201397."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3301311"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DSN.2017.30"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2020.3043023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","first-page":"1559","volume-title":"2019 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","author":"So Hwisoo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hwisoo So, Moslem Didehban, Aviral Shrivastava, and Kyoungwoo Lee. 2019. A software-level redundant multithreading for soft\/hard error detection and recovery. In 2019 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE). IEEE, 1559\u20131562."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HPCA.2009.4798243"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TON.2025.3596117"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVLSI.2020.2968365"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2018.2828848"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TR.2017.2754548"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","first-page":"220","volume-title":"International Conference on Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security","author":"Vankeirsbilck Jens","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jens Vankeirsbilck, Niels Penneman, Hans Hallez, and Jeroen Boydens. 2018. Random additive control flow error detection. In International Conference on Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security. Springer, 220\u2013234."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iot.2020.100260"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.2011.101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3510003.3510229"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","first-page":"284","volume-title":"2007 International Workshop on Anti-Counterfeiting, Security and Identification (ASID)","author":"Wu Yan-Xia","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yan-Xia Wu, Guo-Chang Gu, and Ke-Hui Wang. 2007. An improved cfcss control flow checking algorithm. In 2007 International Workshop on Anti-Counterfeiting, Security and Identification (ASID). IEEE, 284\u2013287."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2905842"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis","author":"Yue Hengshan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hengshan Yue, Xiaohui Wei, Guangli Li, Jianpeng Zhao, Nan Jiang, and Jingweijia Tan. 2021. G-SEPM: Building an accurate and efficient soft error prediction model for GPGPUs. In Proceedings of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis. 1\u201315."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.46586\/tches.v2020.i2.172-195","article-title":"Persistent fault attack in practice","volume":"2020","author":"Zhang Fan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fan Zhang, Yiran Zhang, Huilong Jiang, Xiang Zhu, Shivam Bhasin, Xinjie Zhao, Zhe Liu, Dawu Gu, and Kui Ren. 2020. Persistent fault attack in practice. IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems 2020, 2 (2020), 172\u2013195.","journal-title":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","unstructured":"Jiliang Zhang Wuqiao Chen and Yuqi Niu. 2019. DeepCheck: A non-intrusive control-flow integrity checking based on deep learning. arXiv:1905.01858. Retrieved from https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1905.01858"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2018.2866164","article-title":"HCIC: Hardware-assisted control-flow integrity checking","volume":"6","author":"Zhang Jiliang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jiliang Zhang, Binhang Qi, Zheng Qin, and Gang Qu. 2018. HCIC: Hardware-assisted control-flow integrity checking. IEEE Internet of Things Journal 6, 1 (2018), 458\u2013471.","journal-title":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","first-page":"37","article-title":"Control flow error detection algorithm vased on structural tag","volume":"42","author":"Zhang Peng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Peng Zhang, Li Zhu, Xiaozhi Du, Chaohui He, and Hao Chen. 2016. Control flow error detection algorithm vased on structural tag. Computer Engineering 42, 6 (2016), 37\u201342.","journal-title":"Computer Engineering"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3372799.3394360"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3816034","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T16:26:38Z","timestamp":1781713598000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3816034"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3816034"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3816034","relation":{},"ISSN":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1539-9087","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-3465","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}