{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T02:32:58Z","timestamp":1773023578866,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT","award":["UIDB\/EEA\/50008\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/EEA\/50008\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["EXPL\/EEI-HAC\/1511\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXPL\/EEI-HAC\/1511\/2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Commun. ACM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The case for in-memory inferencing of quantized CNNs at the edge.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3589995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T13:25:31Z","timestamp":1684934731000},"page":"48-55","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["To PiM or Not to PiM"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Falcao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the University of Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Dinis","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ETH Zurich, Switzerland"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3494834.3500240"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3007787.3001140"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HOTCHIPS.2019.8875680"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3123939.3123953"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MICRO56248.2022.00067"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2020.3034951"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3352460.3358260"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3445814.3446749"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3282307"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Quantized neural networks: Training neural networks with low precision weights and activations","volume":"18","author":"Hubara I.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hubara, I., Courbariaux, M., Soudry, D., El-Yaniv, R., Bengio, Y. Quantized neural networks: Training neural networks with low precision weights and activations. J. Machine Learning Research 18, (2017), 1--30; https:\/\/www.jmlr.org\/papers\/volume18\/16-456\/16-456.pdf.","journal-title":"J. Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM\/IEEE 44th Annual Intern. Symp. Computer Architecture, 2017","author":"Jouppi N.","year":"1924","unstructured":"Jouppi, N. et al. In-datacenter performance analysis of a tensor processing unit. In Proceedings of the ACM\/IEEE 44th Annual Intern. Symp. Computer Architecture, 2017, 1--12; https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/abstract\/document\/8192463\/similar."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE Intern. Solid-state Circuits Conf., 350--352; https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9365862","author":"Kwon Y.-C.","unstructured":"Kwon, Y.-C. et al. A 20nm 6GB function-in-memory DRAM, based on HBM2 with a 1.2 TFLOPS programmable computing unit using bank-level parallelism, for machine learning applications. In Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE Intern. Solid-state Circuits Conf., 350--352; https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9365862."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE 2017 Intern. Workshop on Signal Processing Systems, 1--6; https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8110024","author":"Marques J.","unstructured":"Marques, J. Andrade, J., Falcao, G. Unreliable memory operation on a convolutional neural network processor. In Proceedings of the IEEE 2017 Intern. Workshop on Signal Processing Systems, 1--6; https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8110024."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"A modern primer on processing in memory. 2020","author":"Mutlu O.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mutlu, O., Ghose, S., G\u00f3mez-Luna, J., Ausavarungnirun, R. A modern primer on processing in memory. 2020; https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2012.03112."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MPRV.2018.2873858"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Processing in memory: The tipping point. White Paper from European Technology Platform for High-performance Computing","author":"Radojkovic P.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Radojkovic, P., Carpenter, P., Esmaili-Dokht, P., Cimadomo, R., Charles, H.-P., Sebastian, A., Amato, P. Processing in memory: The tipping point. White Paper from European Technology Platform for High-performance Computing, 2021; https:\/\/bit.ly\/3JSrm8H"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3429945"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"The digitization of the world---from edge to core","author":"Reinsel D.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Reinsel, D., Gantz, J., Rydning, J. The digitization of the world---from edge to core. I.D. Corp. White Paper, 2018; https:\/\/bit.ly\/40H3iMl."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Systems and Storage Conf.","author":"Satyanarayanan M.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Satyanarayanan, M. Edge computing: A new disruptive force. Keynote address at the 13th Annual ACM Intern. Systems and Storage Conf., 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3123939.3124544"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3007787.3001139"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MM.2020.2975764"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIS.2020.3010335"}],"container-title":["Communications of the ACM"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3589995","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3589995","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T18:09:15Z","timestamp":1750183755000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3589995"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3589995"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3589995","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-0782","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7317","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}