{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T17:39:26Z","timestamp":1791394766435,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1990,2,1]],"date-time":"1990-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":633830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Commun. ACM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The variables that help make a handwritten signature a unique human identifier also provide a unique digital signature in the form of a stream of latency periods between keystrokes. This article describes a method of verifying the identity of a user based on such a digital signature, and reports results from trial usage of the system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/75577.75582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T07:38:11Z","timestamp":1027755491000},"page":"168-176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":377,"title":["Identity authentication based on keystroke latencies"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Rick","family":"Joyce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AT&amp;T Bell Labs, Middletown, NJ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gopal","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"James Cook Univ., Townsville, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1990,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/358886.358895"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","volume-title":"ACM NSF. Rand Corporation","author":"Gaines R.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Gaines , R. , Lisowski , W. , Press , S. , and Shapiro , N . Authentication by user performance time with interactive systems. commun . ACM NSF. Rand Corporation , Santa Monica, CA , 1980 . Gaines, R., Lisowski, W., Press, S., and Shapiro, N. Authentication by user performance time with interactive systems. commun. ACM NSF. Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, 1980."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","volume-title":"Personal identification apparatus. Patent Number 4,621,334. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Washington. D.C","author":"Garcia J.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Garcia , J. Personal identification apparatus. Patent Number 4,621,334. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Washington. D.C . 1986 . Garcia, J. Personal identification apparatus. Patent Number 4,621,334. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Washington. D.C. 1986."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80053-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","volume-title":"Human Factors in Management Information Systems","author":"Leggett","unstructured":"Leggett ,williams,G. and Umphress , D . Verification of user identity ia keyboard characteristics . In Human Factors in Management Information Systems , J.M. Carey, Ed., Ablex Publishing , Norwood, NJ . Leggett ,williams,G. and Umphress, D.Verification of user identity ia keyboard characteristics. In Human Factors in Management Information Systems, J.M. Carey, Ed., Ablex Publishing, Norwood, NJ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"3","volume":"23","author":"Urnphress D.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Urnphress , D. , and Williams , G. Identity verification through keyboard characteristics. Int. J. Man-Machine Studies 23 , 3 ( Sept. 1985 ), 263-273. Urnphress, D., and Williams, G. Identity verification through keyboard characteristics. Int. J. Man-Machine Studies 23, 3 (Sept. 1985), 263-273.","journal-title":"Int. J. Man-Machine Studies"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","volume-title":"Washington","author":"Young J.R.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Young , J.R. , and Hammon , R.W . Method and apparatus for verifying an individual's identity. Patent Number 4,805,222. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office , Washington , D.C. , 1989 . Young, J.R., and Hammon, R.W. Method and apparatus for verifying an individual's identity. Patent Number 4,805,222. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, Washington, D.C., 1989."}],"container-title":["Communications of the ACM"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/75577.75582","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/75577.75582","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T17:15:02Z","timestamp":1750266902000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/75577.75582"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,2]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/75577.75582"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/75577.75582","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-0782","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7317","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1990-02-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}