{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T16:41:46Z","timestamp":1791650506403,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Annual Reviews","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annu. Rev. Microbiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\u25aa Abstract\u2002 Adaptation of persistent infection within the cells of the immune system is a unique characteristic of gamma herpes viruses. A classic example of this is Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which may have co-evolved with Homo sapiens over millions of years, thus achieving a balance between viral persistence and immune control. In this review, we present an overview of virus and the host immune system interactions that regulate the life-long host-virus relationship in healthy virus carriers and EBV-associated diseases. Extensive analysis of cytotoxic T lymphocyte\u2013mediated immune responses in healthy virus carriers has revealed unique mechanisms used by EBV to maintain a benign persistent state in vivo. On the other hand, this relationship in EBV-associated diseases favors the escape of the virus from the hostile effects of the immune response. This escape is achieved by either down-regulating the expression of highly immunogenic antigens of the virus or by direct modulation of the host cytotoxic T lymphocyte response by virus-encoded proteins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.54.1.19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T11:45:04Z","timestamp":1027770304000},"page":"19-48","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":165,"title":["Role of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes in Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1146","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Rajiv","family":"Khanna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, and Joint Oncology Program, University of Queensland, Bancroft Centre, Brisbane, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott R.","family":"Burrows","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, and Joint Oncology Program, University of Queensland, Bancroft Centre, Brisbane, Australia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"22","reference":[{"key":"b1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5284.94"},{"key":"b2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830220127"},{"key":"b3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V92.11.4256"},{"key":"b4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80397-0"},{"key":"b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4872","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.69.8.4872-4879.1995","volume":"69","author":"Bogedain C","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. 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