{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T04:06:11Z","timestamp":1774584371466,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":268,"publisher":"Annual Reviews","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annu. Rev. Immunol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Pathogenic organisms exert a negative impact on host health, revealed by the clinical signs of infectious diseases. Immunity limits the severity of infectious diseases through resistance mechanisms that sense and target pathogens for containment, killing, or expulsion. These resistance mechanisms are viewed as the prevailing function of immunity. Under pathophysiologic conditions, however, immunity arises in response to infections that carry health and fitness costs to the host. Therefore, additional defense mechanisms are required to limit these costs, before immunity becomes operational as well as thereafter to avoid immunopathology. These are tissue damage control mechanisms that adjust the metabolic output of host tissues to different forms of stress and damage associated with infection. Disease tolerance is the term used to define this defense strategy, which does not exert a direct impact on pathogens but is essential to limit the health and fitness costs of infection. Under this argument, we propose that disease tolerance is an inherent component of immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-042718-041739","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,23]],"date-time":"2019-01-23T17:18:09Z","timestamp":1548263889000},"page":"405-437","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":150,"title":["Disease Tolerance as an Inherent Component of Immunity"],"prefix":"10.1146","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Rui","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Gulbenkian de Ci\u00eancia, 2780\u2013156 Oeiras, Portugal;"}]},{"given":"Ana Rita","family":"Carlos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Gulbenkian de Ci\u00eancia, 2780\u2013156 Oeiras, Portugal;"}]},{"given":"Faouzi","family":"Braza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Gulbenkian de Ci\u00eancia, 2780\u2013156 Oeiras, Portugal;"}]},{"given":"Jessica A.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Gulbenkian de Ci\u00eancia, 2780\u2013156 Oeiras, Portugal;"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Bastos-Amador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Gulbenkian de Ci\u00eancia, 2780\u2013156 Oeiras, Portugal;"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Gulbenkian de Ci\u00eancia, 2780\u2013156 Oeiras, Portugal;"}]},{"given":"Miguel P.","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Gulbenkian de Ci\u00eancia, 2780\u2013156 Oeiras, Portugal;"}]}],"member":"22","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.py.09.090171.001315"},{"key":"B2","volume-title":"Contributions to an economic knowledge of Australian rusts (Uredineae): improving wheat by selection","author":"Cobb NA","year":"1894"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1214935"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2432"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.107.083782"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1000002"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1148526"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0903419106"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2012.10.011"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.7400195"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1002276"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2014.08.001"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2016.04.007"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2014.03.030"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2297"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.01.006"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.03.049"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.136"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1224577"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1975.03240130021018"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1800325"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201540558"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.05.031"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.04.004"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.67.040403.103635"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2398"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.00549"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.02.010"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2014.02.002"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2013.04.005"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0910283"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(03)00154-5"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/bmc-2012-0001"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.07.002"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13684"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-032713-120245"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13323"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.27.061406.093618"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3072"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14190"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.24.012003.132145"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17186"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00028"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3507"},{"key":"B45","first-page":"1977","volume":"16","author":"Dionne MS","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1209038"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2010.10.001"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.55.070186.005443"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2010.10.006"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08762"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00487.2011"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.07.026"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2017.05.015"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm4007"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20070140"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1586"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2014.05.054"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3001118"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.010909.105600"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.04-3485cmt"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2008.12.004"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/74680"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.7.1015"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm817"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3029864"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5293.1664"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.39.1.295"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2657"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.73.011303.073723"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0500099102"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07201"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0966-842X(96)10047-0"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1233028"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aag2045"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2011.05.011"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.07.001"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2013.95"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1827009"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17039"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4023"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.03.062"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092385"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1201719"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3123"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1007394107"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aar4135"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.06.013"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17386-y"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006054"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/83713"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni904"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141623"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2012.00051"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16169"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2404"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4395"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(04)00054-8"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.07.007"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.7.4123"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4435","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.9.4435-4442.1999","volume":"67","author":"Li C","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101649"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25500"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00475"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3862"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002504"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aam7928"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5291.1379"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.4.1441"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/324073a0"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2011.03.018"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14228"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.4.1814"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401244"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2012.00085"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134698"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201243229"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2012.12.007"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20082683"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2011.07.022"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20071108"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.07.002"},{"key":"B122","first-page":"1","volume":"29","author":"Beyer HS","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8140","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)53072-6","volume":"268","author":"Tamura M","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/385729a0"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1100721"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20092366"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2011.05.005"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1233632"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1509070112"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2131"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.08.021"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.10.054"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13577"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature23469"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.05.002"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4528"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.01.009"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-04908-z"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2017.11.010"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002003"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.021908.132532"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aai8132"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3320"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.13024"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1977.26.944"},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000371"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature18848"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.05.049"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aac6468"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1116932108"},{"key":"B151","first-page":"125","volume":"8","author":"Ha EM","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.07.042"},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-12-S1-S7"},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2012.08.004"},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07008"},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2015.04.002"},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2011.04.009"},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2017.11.002"},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13823"},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1254009"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1222551"},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.08.017"},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12503"},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1222195"},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11623"},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2002.03268.x"},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.07.002"},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1198469"},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1241165"},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1322269111"},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1001061107"},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.02.019"},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2016.174"},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182098003503"},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-genet-120215-035146"},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra041809"},{"key":"B177","first-page":"485","volume":"373","author":"Camaschella C","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.12.034"},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/pr0603699"},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00035.2014"},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2836"},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1152449"},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000639"},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.09.006"},{"key":"B185","first-page":"144","volume":"18","author":"Roohani N","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Res. Med. Sci."},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67756-2"},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2017.2"},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iep.12255"},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature23009"},{"key":"B190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1806376115"},{"key":"B191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2018.04.009"},{"key":"B192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.07.016"},{"key":"B193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3323"},{"key":"B194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.57.3.845-849.1989","volume":"57","author":"Murray HW","year":"1989","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1457"},{"key":"B196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/2439"},{"key":"B197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(99)01530-3"},{"key":"B198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/2063"},{"key":"B199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3006534"},{"key":"B200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-010-1858-x"},{"key":"B201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.56.082103.104751"},{"key":"B202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38766.624097.1F"},{"key":"B203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00225-13"},{"key":"B204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI35846"},{"key":"B205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.04.043"},{"key":"B206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201041316"},{"key":"B207","volume-title":"Evolutionary Medicine","author":"Stearns SC","year":"2015"},{"key":"B208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.02.013"},{"key":"B209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.01.049"},{"key":"B210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.09.052"},{"key":"B211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2016.05.002"},{"key":"B212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-015-0492-2"},{"key":"B213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2147"},{"key":"B214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.01.025"},{"key":"B215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3829"},{"key":"B216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.123.3191.309"},{"key":"B217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-013-1331-2"},{"key":"B218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2008.04.074"},{"key":"B219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.10"},{"key":"B220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-08-449397"},{"key":"B221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-10-810531"},{"key":"B222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-010-0613-6"},{"key":"B223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1001158"},{"key":"B224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx1013"},{"key":"B225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.211"},{"key":"B226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.04.010"},{"key":"B227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.12.016"},{"key":"B228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2014.12.009"},{"key":"B229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.06.013"},{"key":"B230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2017.04.032"},{"key":"B231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002427"},{"key":"B232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.04.022"},{"key":"B233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI25790"},{"key":"B234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00251.2007"},{"key":"B235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aal2861"},{"key":"B236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep24921"},{"key":"B237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00742-09"},{"key":"B238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200838676"},{"key":"B239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803526"},{"key":"B240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20121674"},{"key":"B241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2017.02.034"},{"key":"B242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2016.1230584"},{"key":"B243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00946-13"},{"key":"B244","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.11.009"},{"key":"B245","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.08.039"},{"key":"B246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.25849"},{"key":"B247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0098909"},{"key":"B248","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005954"},{"key":"B249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00021-11"},{"key":"B250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065031"},{"key":"B251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3786","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.8.3786-3792.1999","volume":"67","author":"Kirman J","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1302252"},{"key":"B253","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.02.003"},{"key":"B254","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1720"},{"key":"B255","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2015.03.001"},{"key":"B256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2451"},{"key":"B257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxl123"},{"key":"B258","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100241"},{"key":"B259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20020128"},{"key":"B260","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201445206"},{"key":"B261","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1102137"},{"key":"B262","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00937"},{"key":"B263","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.03129-14"},{"key":"B264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002811"},{"key":"B265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2015.56"},{"key":"B266","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.8.4548-4559.2005"},{"key":"B267","first-page":"1354","volume":"81","author":"Scalfone LK","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immun"},{"key":"B268","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(04)00107-4"}],"container-title":["Annual Review of Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.annualreviews.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1146\/annurev-immunol-042718-041739","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T07:08:20Z","timestamp":1634108900000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.annualreviews.org\/doi\/10.1146\/annurev-immunol-042718-041739"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]]},"references-count":268,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1146\/annurev-immunol-042718-041739"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-immunol-042718-041739","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.734911139.793569811","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0732-0582","1545-3278"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0732-0582","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-3278","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]]}}}