{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T04:23:31Z","timestamp":1793507011440,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Radiological Society of North America (RSNA)","issue":"2","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GZ: STR 1774\/1-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GZ: STR 1774\/1-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Radiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OpenAI\u2019s GPT-4V reliably identified the imaging modality and anatomic region but could not safely detect, classify, or rule out abnormalities on single MRI, CT, and radiographic images.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.240955","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T09:51:43Z","timestamp":1732614703000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Toward Foundation Models in Radiology? Quantitative Assessment of                     GPT-4V\u2019s Multimodal and Multianatomic Region Capabilities"],"prefix":"10.1148","volume":"313","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9093-2589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quirin D.","family":"Strotzer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Radiology (Q.D.S., L.S.K., G.N., A.K.M., S.M.,                     I.E., J.R., C.W., C.S., O.W.H., A.S.) and Department of Cranio- and                     Maxillofacial Surgery (F.N.), University of Regensburg Medical Center,                     Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of                     Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard                     Medical School, Boston, Mass (Q.D.S.); Department of Radiology, Bayreuth Medical                     Center, Bayreuth, Germany (M.S.); Center of Neuroradiology, medbo District                     Hospital and University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (I.W.,                     C.W.); and Department of Radiology, Donaustauf Hospital, Donaustauf, Germany                     (O.W.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Nieberle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Radiology (Q.D.S., L.S.K., G.N., A.K.M., S.M.,                     I.E., J.R., C.W., C.S., O.W.H., A.S.) and Department of Cranio- and                     Maxillofacial Surgery (F.N.), University of Regensburg Medical Center,                     Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of                     Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard                     Medical School, Boston, Mass (Q.D.S.); Department of Radiology, Bayreuth Medical                     Center, Bayreuth, Germany (M.S.); Center of Neuroradiology, medbo District                     Hospital and University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (I.W.,                     C.W.); and Department of Radiology, Donaustauf Hospital, Donaustauf, Germany                     (O.W.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5139-0200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura S.","family":"Kupke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Radiology (Q.D.S., L.S.K., G.N., A.K.M., S.M.,                     I.E., J.R., C.W., C.S., O.W.H., A.S.) and Department of Cranio- and                     Maxillofacial Surgery (F.N.), University of Regensburg Medical Center,                     Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of                     Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard                     Medical School, Boston, Mass (Q.D.S.); Department of Radiology, Bayreuth Medical                     Center, Bayreuth, Germany (M.S.); Center of Neuroradiology, medbo District                     Hospital and University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (I.W.,                     C.W.); and Department of Radiology, Donaustauf Hospital, Donaustauf, Germany                     (O.W.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5411-0412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerardo","family":"Napodano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Radiology (Q.D.S., L.S.K., G.N., A.K.M., S.M.,                     I.E., J.R., C.W., C.S., O.W.H., A.S.) and Department of Cranio- and                     Maxillofacial Surgery (F.N.), University of Regensburg Medical Center,                     Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of                     Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard                     Medical School, Boston, Mass (Q.D.S.); Department of Radiology, Bayreuth Medical                     Center, Bayreuth, Germany (M.S.); Center of Neuroradiology, medbo District                     Hospital and University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (I.W.,                     C.W.); and Department of Radiology, Donaustauf Hospital, Donaustauf, Germany                     (O.W.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Katharina","family":"Muertz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Radiology (Q.D.S., L.S.K., G.N., A.K.M., S.M.,                     I.E., J.R., C.W., C.S., O.W.H., A.S.) and Department of Cranio- and                     Maxillofacial Surgery (F.N.), University of Regensburg Medical Center,                     Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of                     Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard                     Medical School, Boston, Mass (Q.D.S.); Department of Radiology, Bayreuth Medical                     Center, Bayreuth, Germany (M.S.); Center of Neuroradiology, medbo District                     Hospital and University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (I.W.,                     C.W.); and Department of Radiology, Donaustauf Hospital, Donaustauf, Germany                     (O.W.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7324-2532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefanie","family":"Meiler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Radiology (Q.D.S., L.S.K., G.N., A.K.M., S.M.,                     I.E., J.R., C.W., C.S., O.W.H., A.S.) and Department of Cranio- and                     Maxillofacial Surgery (F.N.), University of Regensburg Medical Center,                     Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of                     Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard                     Medical School, Boston, Mass (Q.D.S.); Department of Radiology, Bayreuth Medical                     Center, Bayreuth, Germany (M.S.); Center of Neuroradiology, medbo District                     Hospital and University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (I.W.,                     C.W.); and Department of Radiology, Donaustauf Hospital, Donaustauf, Germany                     (O.W.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7353-2735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ingo","family":"Einspieler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Radiology (Q.D.S., L.S.K., G.N., A.K.M., S.M.,                     I.E., J.R., C.W., C.S., O.W.H., A.S.) and Department of Cranio- and                     Maxillofacial Surgery (F.N.), University of Regensburg Medical Center,                     Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of                     Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard                     Medical School, Boston, Mass (Q.D.S.); Department of Radiology, Bayreuth Medical                     Center, Bayreuth, Germany (M.S.); Center of Neuroradiology, medbo District                     Hospital and University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (I.W.,                     C.W.); and Department of Radiology, Donaustauf Hospital, Donaustauf, Germany                     (O.W.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1790-4159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janine","family":"Rennert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Radiology (Q.D.S., L.S.K., G.N., A.K.M., S.M.,                     I.E., J.R., C.W., C.S., O.W.H., A.S.) and Department of Cranio- and                     Maxillofacial Surgery (F.N.), University of Regensburg Medical Center,                     Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of                     Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard                     Medical School, Boston, Mass (Q.D.S.); Department of Radiology, Bayreuth Medical                     Center, Bayreuth, Germany (M.S.); Center of Neuroradiology, medbo District                     Hospital and University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (I.W.,                     C.W.); and Department of Radiology, Donaustauf Hospital, Donaustauf, Germany                     (O.W.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4973-9852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Strotzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Radiology (Q.D.S., L.S.K., G.N., A.K.M., S.M.,                     I.E., J.R., C.W., C.S., O.W.H., A.S.) and Department of Cranio- and                     Maxillofacial Surgery (F.N.), University of Regensburg Medical Center,                     Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of                     Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard                     Medical School, Boston, Mass (Q.D.S.); Department of Radiology, Bayreuth Medical                     Center, Bayreuth, Germany (M.S.); Center of Neuroradiology, medbo District                     Hospital and University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (I.W.,                     C.W.); and Department of Radiology, Donaustauf Hospital, Donaustauf, Germany                     (O.W.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Wiesinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Radiology (Q.D.S., L.S.K., G.N., A.K.M., S.M.,                     I.E., J.R., C.W., C.S., O.W.H., A.S.) and Department of Cranio- and                     Maxillofacial Surgery (F.N.), University of Regensburg Medical Center,                     Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of                     Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard                     Medical School, Boston, Mass (Q.D.S.); Department of Radiology, Bayreuth Medical                     Center, Bayreuth, Germany (M.S.); Center of Neuroradiology, medbo District                     Hospital and University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (I.W.,                     C.W.); and Department of Radiology, Donaustauf Hospital, Donaustauf, Germany                     (O.W.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4465-5618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina","family":"Wendl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Radiology (Q.D.S., L.S.K., G.N., A.K.M., S.M.,                     I.E., J.R., C.W., C.S., O.W.H., A.S.) and Department of Cranio- and                     Maxillofacial Surgery (F.N.), University of Regensburg Medical Center,                     Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of                     Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard                     Medical School, Boston, Mass (Q.D.S.); Department of Radiology, Bayreuth Medical                     Center, Bayreuth, Germany (M.S.); Center of Neuroradiology, medbo District                     Hospital and University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (I.W.,                     C.W.); and Department of Radiology, Donaustauf Hospital, Donaustauf, Germany                     (O.W.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4828-0067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Stroszczynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Radiology (Q.D.S., L.S.K., G.N., A.K.M., S.M.,                     I.E., J.R., C.W., C.S., O.W.H., A.S.) and Department of Cranio- and                     Maxillofacial Surgery (F.N.), University of Regensburg Medical Center,                     Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of                     Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard                     Medical School, Boston, Mass (Q.D.S.); Department of Radiology, Bayreuth Medical                     Center, Bayreuth, Germany (M.S.); Center of Neuroradiology, medbo District                     Hospital and University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (I.W.,                     C.W.); and Department of Radiology, Donaustauf Hospital, Donaustauf, Germany                     (O.W.H.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Okka W.","family":"Hamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Institute of Radiology (Q.D.S., L.S.K., G.N., A.K.M., S.M.,                     I.E., J.R., C.W., C.S., O.W.H., A.S.) and Department of Cranio- and                     Maxillofacial Surgery (F.N.), University of Regensburg Medical Center,                     Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Department of                     Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard                     Medical School, Boston, Mass (Q.D.S.); 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