{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T17:10:26Z","timestamp":1786381826762,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"The Electrochemical Society","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,28]],"date-time":"2003-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1043712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/page\/copyright"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,28]],"date-time":"2003-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1043712000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Electrochem. Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The heat generation of mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) in a MCMB\/Li cell was measured in an isothermal microcalorimeter. The heat contributions are discussed in terms of reversible and irreversible heat generation. Endothermic and exothermic events observed during the charge and discharge processes are attributed to the stage changes of graphite during the electrochemical lithium insertion-extraction reactions. The initial endothermic peak is attributed to the insertion of the lithium ion into the graphite layer structure; the graphite structure changes from a dilute stage 1<jats:sup>\u2032<\/jats:sup> to stage 4 with a positive <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" id=\"ML1\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u0394<\/mml:mi>\n                        <mml:mi>S<\/mml:mi>\n                     <\/mml:math>\n                     <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"jes_150_3_A262ieqn1.jpg\" xlink:type=\"simple\"\/>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> (due to the order\/disorder transition). In addition, the heat generation is estimated on the basis of the cell entropy change and cell polarization at a low discharge rate. The open-circuit voltage and <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" id=\"ML2\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u0394<\/mml:mi>\n                        <mml:mi>S<\/mml:mi>\n                     <\/mml:math>\n                     <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"jes_150_3_A262ieqn2.jpg\" xlink:type=\"simple\"\/>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> calculated from the isothermal calorimeter results under low charge\/discharge rates have the same range and similar shapes when compared to the experimental results. \u00a9 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1541672","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,25]],"date-time":"2003-02-25T18:50:11Z","timestamp":1046199011000},"page":"A262-A266","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["In Situ Measurements of Heat Generation in a Li\/Mesocarbon Microbead Half-Cell"],"prefix":"10.1149","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"W.","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Prakash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"77","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ba262_1-1","first-page":"65","volume":"60","author":"Kanari","year":"1996","journal-title":"Denki Shikensho Ito"},{"key":"ba262_1-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7753(96)02583-9","volume":"68","author":"Saito","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"ba262_1-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A1205","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1407245","volume":"148","author":"MacNeil","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"ba262_1-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1391893","volume":"146","author":"Richard","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"ba262_1-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3183","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1393881","volume":"147","author":"Hong","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"ba262_1-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2432","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1393549","volume":"147","author":"Al Hallaj","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"ba262_1-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1004043212325","volume":"30","author":"Lu","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Appl. Electrochem."},{"key":"ba262_1-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2481(99)00151-4","volume":"2","author":"Venkatachalapathy","year":"2000","journal-title":"Electrochem. Commun."},{"key":"ba262_1-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1838287","volume":"145","author":"Du Pasquier","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"ba262_1-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1390656","volume":"1","author":"Gao","year":"1998","journal-title":"Electrochem. Solid-State Lett."},{"key":"ba262_1-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3224","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1392458","volume":"146","author":"Maleki","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"ba262_1-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7753(99)00185-8","volume":"81-82","author":"Andersson","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"ba262_1-13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7753(99)00342-0","volume":"85","author":"Jiang","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"ba262_1-14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7753(99)00343-2","volume":"85","author":"Tran","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"ba262_1-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A716","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1377278","volume":"148","author":"Lee","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"ba262_1-16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7753(01)00702-9","volume":"97-98","author":"Saito","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"ba262_1-17"},{"key":"ba262_1-18"},{"key":"ba262_1-19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A141","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1387224","volume":"4","author":"Kim","year":"2001","journal-title":"Electrochem. Solid-State Lett."},{"key":"ba262_1-20"},{"key":"ba262_1-21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1149\/1.2113792","volume":"132","author":"Bernadi","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"ba262_1-22"},{"key":"ba262_1-23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-7753(94)02107-E","volume":"54","author":"Billaud","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"ba262_1-24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1149\/1.2044017","volume":"142","author":"Takami","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"ba262_1-25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1126\/science.270.5236.590","volume":"270","author":"Dahn","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ba262_1-26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1838231","volume":"145","author":"Funabiki","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"ba262_1-27"},{"key":"ba262_1-28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2432","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1393549","volume":"147","author":"Al Hallaj","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"ba262_1-29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A570","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1369365","volume":"148","author":"Thomas","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"ba262_1-30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A1159","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1402118","volume":"148","author":"Song","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"ba262_1-31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7753(00)00372-4","volume":"80","author":"Wu","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"}],"container-title":["Journal of The Electrochemical Society"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1.1541672","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1.1541672\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1.1541672\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1149\/1.1541672","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1.1541672\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]],"date-time":"2021-12-13T13:42:38Z","timestamp":1639402958000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1.1541672"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,28]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1149\/1.1541672","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-4651","1945-7111"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-4651","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7111","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"In Situ Measurements of Heat Generation in a Li\/Mesocarbon Microbead Half-Cell","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of The Electrochemical Society","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2003 ECS - The Electrochemical Society","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2002-05-29","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2003-01-28","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}