{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T05:03:49Z","timestamp":1772773429962,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"The Electrochemical Society","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,17]],"date-time":"2011-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1305590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/page\/copyright"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,17]],"date-time":"2011-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1305590400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Electrochem. Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The effects of additions of dispersants, poly(4-styrene sulfonic acid) (PSSA), poly(ammonium acrylate) (PAA-NH<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) and poly(acrylic acid-<jats:italic>co<\/jats:italic>-maleic acid) (PAMA), on the dispersion and electrochemical properties of carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) cathodes are studied. The influence of the addition of dispersants on the dispersion behaviors of carbon-coated LiFePO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> and conductive agents in aqueous suspensions is explored by analyses of zeta-potential and rheology. The homogeneity of the composition in the LiFePO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> cathode is assessed by scanning electron microscopy observation. The result shows that both PSSA and PAMA can interact with the carbon-coated LiFePO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> and they are efficient dispersants for LiFePO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> cathodes. PAA-NH<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>, however, is unfavorable to interact with carbon materials, and thus has a restricted efficiency for the dispersion of carbon-coated LiFePO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> cathodes. In addition to the dispersion property, the effect of the addition of dispersants on the rate capability of LiFePO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> cathodes is also examined. Although PSSA improves the dispersion homogeneity of the LiFePO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> electrodes, it is detrimental to the electrochemical property due to its high average molecular weight (<jats:inline-formula>\n                     <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" id=\"ML1\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                           <mml:mover>\n                              <mml:mrow>\n                                 <mml:msub>\n                                    <mml:mrow>\n                                       <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                                    <mml:mrow>\n                                       <mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                                 <\/mml:msub>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mo stretchy=\"true\">\u2212<\/mml:mo>\n                           <\/mml:mover>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                     <\/mml:math>\n                     <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"jes_158_7_A828ieqn1.jpg\" xlink:type=\"simple\"\/>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula>) of 70,000 g\/mol. On the contrary, the PAMA used has a low <jats:inline-formula>\n                     <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" id=\"ML2\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                           <mml:mover>\n                              <mml:mrow>\n                                 <mml:msub>\n                                    <mml:mrow>\n                                       <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                                    <mml:mrow>\n                                       <mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                                 <\/mml:msub>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mo stretchy=\"true\">\u2212<\/mml:mo>\n                           <\/mml:mover>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                     <\/mml:math>\n                     <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"jes_158_7_A828ieqn2.jpg\" xlink:type=\"simple\"\/>\n                  <\/jats:inline-formula> of 3,000 g\/mol, and hence only the positive influence of the improved dispersion of the cathode in terms of an increase in rate capability is observed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1149\/1.3592158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,17]],"date-time":"2011-05-17T22:03:50Z","timestamp":1305669830000},"page":"A828-A834","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Effects of Surface-coated Carbon on the Chemical Selectivity for Water-Soluble Dispersants of LiFePO<sub>4<\/sub>"],"prefix":"10.1149","volume":"158","author":[{"given":"Chia-Chen","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ya-Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting-Yu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"77","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ba828_1-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1837571","volume":"144","author":"Padhi","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. 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