{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T03:50:59Z","timestamp":1793245859405,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"The Electrochemical Society","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"https:\/\/publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org\/iop-standard\/v1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618790400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/info\/page\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iopscience.iop.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Electrochem. Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"abstract":"\n An elementary kinetic model was developed to predict the electrochemical response of porous LSCF and LSCF-CGO electrodes. The model was validated thanks to experiments performed on symmetrical cells using a three-electrode setup. After the model calibration on polarization curves, it has been shown that the model is able to simulate accurately the experimental impedance diagram at OCP and under polarization without additional fitting. Moreover, the evolution of the electrode polarization resistance with the oxygen partial pressure is well reproduced by the model. The electrodes reaction mechanism was thoroughly analyzed and it has been shown that the transition from the bulk path to the surface path depends on the temperature, the polarization and the oxygen partial pressure. The rate-determining steps for the LSCF electrode have been identified at OCP as function of the oxygen partial pressure. Finally, a sensitivity analysis has been performed to study the impact of LSCF demixing on the electrode performances. For a given decomposition, it has been highlighted that the surface passivation would be more impacting than the decrease of the ionic conductivity. Moreover, the impact of the LSCF decomposition would be more detrimental for the electrode performances evaluated in electrolysis mode.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:colgroup>\n \n \n \n List of symbols<\/jats:bold>\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n Roman Symbols:<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n C<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n d<\/mml:mi>\n l<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n surface<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Surface double layer capacitance<\/jats:td>\n \n (F m\n \u22122<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n C<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n d<\/mml:mi>\n l<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n CGO<\/mml:mi>\n \/<\/mml:mo>\n LSCF<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Double layer capacitance at the LSCF\/CGO interface<\/jats:td>\n \n (F m\n \u22122<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n C<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n o<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n x<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n max<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Maximum concentration of neutral oxygen atoms in LSCF<\/jats:td>\n \n (mol m\n \u22123<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n C<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n V<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n o<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \u00b7<\/mml:mo>\n \u00b7<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Vacancies concentration in LSCF<\/jats:td>\n \n (mol m\n \u22123<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n C<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n V<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n o<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \u00b7<\/mml:mo>\n \u00b7<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n eq<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Vacancies concentration in LSCF at equilibrium<\/jats:td>\n \n (mol m\n \u22123<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n D<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n c<\/mml:mi>\n h<\/mml:mi>\n e<\/mml:mi>\n m<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Bulk oxygen chemical diffusion coefficient in LSCF<\/jats:td>\n \n (m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n D<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n i<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n e<\/mml:mi>\n f<\/mml:mi>\n f<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Effective diffusion for the i-th species<\/jats:td>\n \n (m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n D<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n V<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \u2022<\/mml:mi>\n \u2022<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Oxygen vancancies self-diffusion coefficient<\/jats:td>\n \n (m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n D<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n k<\/mml:mi>\n ,<\/mml:mo>\n \n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Knudsen diffusion coefficient<\/jats:td>\n \n (m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n D<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n ,<\/mml:mo>\n \n \n N<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Molecular diffusion coefficient<\/jats:td>\n \n (m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n D<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \u2212<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:msup>\n \u2212<\/mml:mo>\n \n \n s<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n L<\/mml:mi>\n S<\/mml:mi>\n C<\/mml:mi>\n F<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Diffusion coefficient of the oxygen ad-ions<\/jats:td>\n \n (m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n D<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n \u2212<\/mml:mo>\n \n \n s<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n L<\/mml:mi>\n S<\/mml:mi>\n C<\/mml:mi>\n F<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Diffusion coefficient of the oxygen ad-atoms<\/jats:td>\n \n (m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n D<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n \u2212<\/mml:mo>\n \n \n s<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n L<\/mml:mi>\n S<\/mml:mi>\n C<\/mml:mi>\n F<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Diffusion coefficient of the oxygen ad-molecules<\/jats:td>\n \n (m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n E<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Local electrode potential<\/jats:td>\n (V)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n E<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n a<\/mml:mi>\n c<\/mml:mi>\n t<\/mml:mi>\n ,<\/mml:mo>\n i<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Activation energy for the i-th species<\/jats:td>\n \n (kJ mol\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n F<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Faraday\u2019s constant<\/jats:td>\n \n (C mol\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n F<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n T<\/mml:mi>\n o<\/mml:mi>\n t<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n i<\/mml:mi>\n n<\/mml:mi>\n l<\/mml:mi>\n e<\/mml:mi>\n t<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Total inlet gas flow rate<\/jats:td>\n \n (mol s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n h<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \u00b7<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:msup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Hole defect in LSCF<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \n i<\/mml:mi>\n \u20d7<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mover>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n io<\/mml:mi>\n \/<\/mml:mo>\n e<\/mml:mi>\n \u2019<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Ionic current density in CGO\/Electronic current density in LSCF<\/jats:td>\n \n (A m\n \u22122<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n K<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n e<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n i<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Thermodynamic equilibrium constant for the i-th species<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n k<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n +<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n \n Forward reaction kinetic constants for R1 for the LSCF\n (*)<\/jats:sup>\n or LSCF-CGO\n (**)<\/jats:sup>\n electrode\n <\/jats:td>\n \n (*)<\/jats:sup>\n (mol m\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n ) or\n (**)<\/jats:sup>\n (mol m\n \u22122<\/jats:sup>\n s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n k<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n ox<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n LSCF<\/mml:mi>\n \/<\/mml:mo>\n gas<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Forward reaction kinetic constants for R2<\/jats:td>\n \n (m\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n mol\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n k<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n ox<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n TPBls<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n \n Forward reaction kinetic constants for R3 for the LSCF\n (*)<\/jats:sup>\n or LSCF-CGO\n (**)<\/jats:sup>\n electrode\n <\/jats:td>\n \n (*)<\/jats:sup>\n (m s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n ) or\n (**)<\/jats:sup>\n (s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n k<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n deion<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Forward reaction kinetic constants for R4<\/jats:td>\n \n (s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n k<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n ass<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Forward reaction kinetic constants for R5<\/jats:td>\n \n (mol\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n m\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n k<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n des<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Forward reaction kinetic constants for R6<\/jats:td>\n \n (s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \u2113<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Electrode thickness<\/jats:td>\n (\u03bcm)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \u2113<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n \n CGO<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:td>\n Electrolyte thickness<\/jats:td>\n (\u03bcm)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n M<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n i<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Molar mass for the i-th species<\/jats:td>\n \n (g mol\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n m<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:td>\n Reaction order<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \n N<\/mml:mi>\n \u20d7<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mover>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n i<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Molar flux of the i-th species<\/jats:td>\n \n (mol\u00b7m\n \u22122<\/jats:sup>\n \u00b7s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n o<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n x<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n \n (<\/mml:mo>\n L<\/mml:mi>\n S<\/mml:mi>\n C<\/mml:mi>\n F<\/mml:mi>\n )<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Oxygen atom in the LSCF lattice<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n o<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n x<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n \n (<\/mml:mo>\n C<\/mml:mi>\n G<\/mml:mi>\n O<\/mml:mi>\n )<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Oxygen atom in the CGO lattice<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \u2212<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:msup>\n \u2212<\/mml:mo>\n \n \n s<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n L<\/mml:mi>\n S<\/mml:mi>\n C<\/mml:mi>\n F<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Oxygen ad-ion on LSCF surface<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n \u2212<\/mml:mo>\n \n \n s<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n L<\/mml:mi>\n S<\/mml:mi>\n C<\/mml:mi>\n F<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Oxygen ad-atom on LSCF surface<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n \u2212<\/mml:mo>\n \n \n s<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n L<\/mml:mi>\n S<\/mml:mi>\n C<\/mml:mi>\n F<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Oxygen ad-molecule on LSCF surface<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n O<\/jats:italic>\n \n 2<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:td>\n Gaseous oxygen molecule<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n P<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Oxygen partial pressure<\/jats:td>\n (atm)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n P<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n t<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Total pressure<\/jats:td>\n (atm)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \n r<\/mml:mi>\n \u00af<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mover>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n p<\/mml:mi>\n o<\/mml:mi>\n r<\/mml:mi>\n e<\/mml:mi>\n s<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Mean pore radius<\/jats:td>\n (m)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n R<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n universal gas constant<\/jats:td>\n \n (J mol\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n K\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n R<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n s<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Serial resistance<\/jats:td>\n \n \u03a9 cm\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n R<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n p<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Polarization resistance<\/jats:td>\n \n \u03a9 cm\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n s<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n LSCF<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Adsorption site on LSCF surface<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n S<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n p<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n CGO<\/mml:mi>\n \/<\/mml:mo>\n LSCF<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n \n Specific surface area between CGO and LSCF for the LSCF\n (*)<\/jats:sup>\n or LSCF-CGO\n (**)<\/jats:sup>\n electrode\n <\/jats:td>\n \n (*)<\/jats:sup>\n (\u2013) or\n (**)<\/jats:sup>\n (m\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n S<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n p<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n LSCF<\/mml:mi>\n \/<\/mml:mo>\n gas<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Specific surface area between LSCF and gas phase<\/jats:td>\n \n (m\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n S<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n e<\/mml:mi>\n l<\/mml:mi>\n .<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Electrode surface<\/jats:td>\n \n (cm\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n T<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Absolute temperature<\/jats:td>\n (K)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n V<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n i<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Fuller\u2019s volume for the i-th species<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n V<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n o<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \u00b7<\/mml:mo>\n \u00b7<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n \n (<\/mml:mo>\n L<\/mml:mi>\n S<\/mml:mi>\n C<\/mml:mi>\n F<\/mml:mi>\n )<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Oxygen vacancy in the LSCF lattice<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n V<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n o<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \u00b7<\/mml:mo>\n \u00b7<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n \n (<\/mml:mo>\n C<\/mml:mi>\n G<\/mml:mi>\n O<\/mml:mi>\n )<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Oxygen vacancy in the CGO lattice<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n y<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n i<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:mfenced>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Molar fraction of species i-th species<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n Greek Symbols:<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \u03b1<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n R<\/mml:mi>\n i<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n ox<\/mml:mi>\n \/<\/mml:mo>\n red<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Charge transfer coefficient for oxidation or reduction for the reaction Ri<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \u0393<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Surface density of available sites on LSCF<\/jats:td>\n \n (mol m\n \u22122<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \u03b5<\/jats:italic>\n \n X<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:td>\n Phase volume fraction for the phase X<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:td>\n Overpotential<\/jats:td>\n (V)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \u03b8<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \u2212<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:msup>\n \u2013<\/mml:mo>\n \n \n s<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n LSCF<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Coverage of oxygen ions on LSCF<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \u03b8<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n \u2013<\/mml:mo>\n \n \n s<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n LSCF<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Coverage of oxygen atoms on LSCF<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \u03b8<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n 2<\/mml:mn>\n \u2212<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n \n \n s<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n LSCF<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Coverage of oxygen molecules on LSCF<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \u03b8<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n s<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n L<\/mml:mi>\n S<\/mml:mi>\n C<\/mml:mi>\n F<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Free sites on the LSCF surface<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \u03b8<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \u2212<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:msup>\n \u2212<\/mml:mo>\n \n \n s<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n L<\/mml:mi>\n S<\/mml:mi>\n C<\/mml:mi>\n F<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n e<\/mml:mi>\n q<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Coverage rate of oxygen ions on LSCF at equilibrium<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \u03b8<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n \u2212<\/mml:mo>\n \n \n s<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n L<\/mml:mi>\n S<\/mml:mi>\n C<\/mml:mi>\n F<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n e<\/mml:mi>\n q<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Coverage rate of oxygen atoms on LSCF at equilibrium<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \u03b8<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n O<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n \u2212<\/mml:mo>\n \n \n s<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n L<\/mml:mi>\n S<\/mml:mi>\n C<\/mml:mi>\n F<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n e<\/mml:mi>\n q<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Coverage rate of oxygen molecules on LSCF at equilibrium<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \u03b8<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n s<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n L<\/mml:mi>\n S<\/mml:mi>\n C<\/mml:mi>\n F<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n e<\/mml:mi>\n q<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Free site on LSCF at equilibrium<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \u03bd<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n i<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:mfenced>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n \n Kinetic rate of chemical\/electrochemical reaction (i) in the electrode\n (*)<\/jats:sup>\n or at the electrolyte interface\n (**)<\/jats:sup>\n <\/jats:td>\n \n (*)<\/jats:sup>\n (mol m\n \u22123<\/jats:sup>\n s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n ) or\n (**)<\/jats:sup>\n (mol m\n \u22122<\/jats:sup>\n s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \n \u03bc<\/mml:mi>\n \u02dc<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mover>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n i<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Electrochemical potential<\/jats:td>\n \n (J mol\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \u03be<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n TPBls<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n \n Density of triple phase boundary lengths for the LSCF\n (*)<\/jats:sup>\n or LSCF-CGO\n (**)<\/jats:sup>\n electrode\n <\/jats:td>\n \n (*)<\/jats:sup>\n (m\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n ) or\n (**)<\/jats:sup>\n (m\n \u22122<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \u03c3<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \n \n h<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n LSCF<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n \u00b7<\/mml:mo>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Electronic conductivity of LSCF<\/jats:td>\n \n (S m\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \u03c3<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n io<\/mml:mi>\n ,<\/mml:mo>\n \n CGO<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Ionic conductivity of CGO<\/jats:td>\n \n (S m\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \n \n \n <\/jats:tex-math>\n \n \n \n \u03c3<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n i<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n e<\/mml:mi>\n f<\/mml:mi>\n f<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n <\/jats:td>\n Effective conductivity for th i-th species<\/jats:td>\n \n (S m\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n )\n <\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \u03c6<\/jats:italic>\n \n i<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:td>\n Potential<\/jats:td>\n (V)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \u03c7<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:td>\n Surface electrostatic potential<\/jats:td>\n (V)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n \n \n \u03c4<\/jats:italic>\n \n X<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:td>\n Tortuosity factor for the phase X<\/jats:td>\n (\u2013)<\/jats:td>\n <\/jats:tr>\n <\/jats:tbody>\n <\/jats:table>\n <\/jats:table-wrap>\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1149\/1945-7111\/abf40a","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]],"date-time":"2021-03-31T18:31:52Z","timestamp":1617215512000},"page":"044520","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["An Elementary Kinetic Model for the LSCF and LSCF-CGO Electrodes of Solid Oxide Cells: Impact of Operating Conditions and Degradation on the Electrode Response"],"prefix":"10.1149","volume":"168","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Effori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9808-2897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Laurencin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. Da Rosa","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Hubert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Petitjean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Geneste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Dessemond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Siebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"77","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"jesabf40abib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7753(00)00564-4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Advantages of intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells for tractionary applications","volume":"93","author":"Zhu","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"jesabf40abib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2738(02)00351-X","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Fuel flexibility in power generation by solid oxide fuel cells","volume":"152\u2013153","author":"Eguchi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Solid State Ion"},{"key":"jesabf40abib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2010.07.014","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Sustainable hydrocarbon fuels by recycling CO2 and H2O with renewable or nuclear energy","volume":"15","author":"Graves","year":"2011","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"jesabf40abib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1149\/09101.0653ecst","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Impact of microstructure and polarization on the degradation of Ni-YSZ electrode: an experimental and modeling approach","volume":"91","author":"Monaco","year":"2019","journal-title":"ECS Trans."},{"key":"jesabf40abib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2018.06.097","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Impact of nickel agglomeration on solid oxide cell operated in fuel cell and electrolysis modes","volume":"397","author":"Hubert","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"jesabf40abib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssi.2009.01.014","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Element interdiffusion at electrolyte\u2013cathode interfaces in ceramic high-temperature fuel cells","volume":"180","author":"Uhlenbruck","year":"2009","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2008.02.016","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Fundamental mechanisms limiting solid oxide fuel cell durability","volume":"182","author":"Yokokawa","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"jesabf40abib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4095(20020404)14:7<521::AID-ADMA521>3.0.CO;2-C","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Novel Cathodes for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells","volume":"14","author":"Xia","year":"2002","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"jesabf40abib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1007\/s10008-009-0932-0","type":"journal-article","article-title":", Cathode materials for solid oxide fuel cells: a review","volume":"14","author":"Sun","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Solid State Electrochem."},{"key":"jesabf40abib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2738(99)00108-3","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Optimisation of composite cathodes for intermediate temperature SOFC applications","volume":"126","author":"Dusastre","year":"1999","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3808","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2008.04.034","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Development of LSCF\u2013GDC composite cathodes for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells with thin film GDC electrolyte","volume":"33","author":"Leng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrog. Energy"},{"key":"jesabf40abib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssi.2004.09.007","type":"journal-article","article-title":"High-performance lanthanum-ferrite-based cathode for SOFC","volume":"176","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2005.02.063","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Electrochemical performance of LSCF-based composite cathodes for intermediate temperature SOFCs","volume":"145","author":"Hwang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"jesabf40abib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2003.11.039","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Reactivity of lanthanide ferrite SOFC cathodes with YSZ electrolyte","volume":"129","author":"Anderson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"jesabf40abib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2019.02.084","type":"journal-article","article-title":"X-ray fluorescence nano-imaging of long-term operated solid oxide electrolysis cells","volume":"421","author":"Villanova","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"jesabf40abib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2014.10.188","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Microstructural comparison of solid oxide electrolyser cells operated for 6100 h and 9000 h","volume":"275","author":"The","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"jesabf40abib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2015.02.064","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Stability of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3\/Ce0.9Gd0.1O2 cathodes during sintering and solid oxide fuel cell operation","volume":"283","author":"Kiebach","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"jesabf40abib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2005.08.015","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Performance of LSCF cathodes in cell tests","volume":"156","author":"Tietz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"jesabf40abib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F357","DOI":"10.1149\/2.0961805jes","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A Detailed post mortem analysis of solid oxide electrolyzer cells after long-term stack operation","volume":"165","author":"Frey","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"jesabf40abib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2017.05.011","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Degradation mechanism of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-\u03b4\/Gd0.1Ce0.9O2-\u03b4 composite electrode operated under solid oxide electrolysis and fuel cell conditions","volume":"241","author":"Laurencin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"jesabf40abib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1039\/C2CP43148C","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Suppression of Sr surface segregation in La 1\u2212x Sr x Co 1\u2212y Fe y O 3\u2212\u03b4: a first principles study","volume":"15","author":"Ding","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"jesabf40abib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31786","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b06569","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Correlation of Time-Dependent Oxygen Surface Exchange Kinetics with Surface Chemistry of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3\u2212\u03b4 Catalysts","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"jesabf40abib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F564","DOI":"10.1149\/2.1211807jes","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Degradation Mechanisms of Porous La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-\u03b4 Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathodes","volume":"165","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"jesabf40abib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F1316","DOI":"10.1149\/2.0371512jes","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effect of Sr surface segregation of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3\u2212\u03b4 electrode on its electrochemical performance in SOC","volume":"162","author":"Pan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"jesabf40abib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2013.03.162","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Micro modelling of solid oxide electrolysis cell: From performance to durability","volume":"38","author":"Lay-Grindler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrog. Energy"},{"key":"jesabf40abib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3554","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1837252","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Electrode kinetics of porous mixed\u2010conducting oxygen electrodes","volume":"143","author":"Adler","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"jesabf40abib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s10832-007-9012-y","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Oxygen reduction at thin dense La0.52Sr0.48Co0.18Fe0.82O3\u2013\u03b4 electrodes","volume":"18","author":"Prestat","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Electroceramics"},{"key":"jesabf40abib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"B931","DOI":"10.1149\/1.2752974","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Quantitative comparison of mixed conducting SOFC cathode materials by means of thin film model electrodes","volume":"154","author":"Baumann","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"jesabf40abib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssi.2009.09.005","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Rate limiting steps of the porous La0.6Sr0.4Co0.8Fe0.2O3\u2212\u03b4 electrode material","volume":"180","author":"Grunbaum","year":"2009","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2015.06.080","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Reactive mechanisms of LSCF single-phase and LSCF-CGO composite electrodes operated in anodic and cathodic polarisations","volume":"174","author":"Laurencin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"jesabf40abib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssi.2018.02.012","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Experimental validation of a La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-\u03b4 electrode model operated in electrolysis mode: Understanding the reaction pathway under anodic polarization","volume":"319","author":"Monaco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Solid State Ion"},{"key":"jesabf40abib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1002\/fuce.201800185","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Reaction mechanism and impact of microstructure on performances for the LSCF-CGO composite electrode in solid oxide cells","volume":"19","author":"Effori","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fuel Cells."},{"key":"jesabf40abib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2738(97)00528-6","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Significance of interfaces in solid-state cells with porous electrodes of mixed ionic\u2013electronic conductors","volume":"107","author":"Liu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssi.2006.02.045","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Impedance spectroscopic study on well-defined (La,Sr)(Co,Fe)O3\u2212\u03b4 model electrodes","volume":"177","author":"Baumann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssi.2011.10.029","type":"journal-article","article-title":"An investigation of the oxygen reduction reaction mechanism of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 using patterned thin films","volume":"206","author":"Simrick","year":"2012","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2016.09.156","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Rational design of hierarchically nanostructured electrodes for solid oxide fuel cells","volume":"333","author":"\u00c7elikbilek","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"jesabf40abib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2012.04.109","type":"journal-article","article-title":"3D finite element model for reconstructed mixed-conducting cathodes: I. performance quantification","volume":"77","author":"Carraro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"jesabf40abib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssi.2004.07.018","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Modelling of dc and ac responses of a planar mixed conducting oxygen electrode","volume":"176","author":"Deseure","year":"2005","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssi.2016.07.001","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Role of microstructure on electrode operating mechanisms for mixed ionic electronic conductors: from synchrotron-based 3D reconstruction to electrochemical modeling","volume":"294","author":"Hubert","year":"2016","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F1232","DOI":"10.1149\/2.0921814jes","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Model for electrochemical reactions in lscf based solid oxide cells","volume":"165","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"jesabf40abib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2738(02)00185-6","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Interpretation of the gerischer impedance in solid state ionics","volume":"157","author":"Boukamp","year":"2003","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7963","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2011.05.042","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Impedance of porous IT-SOFC LSCF:CGO composite cathodes","volume":"56","author":"Nielsen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"jesabf40abib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F161","DOI":"10.1149\/2.077401jes","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Analytical, 1-dimensional impedance model of a composite solid oxide fuel cell cathode","volume":"161","author":"Mortensen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"jesabf40abib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12932","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ta11554b","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Oxygen reduction and transport on the La 1\u2212x Sr x Co 1\u2212y Fe y O 3\u2212\u03b4 cathode in solid oxide fuel cells: a first-principles study","volume":"1","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"jesabf40abib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.1039\/B501086A","type":"journal-article","article-title":"On the current\u2013voltage characteristics of charge transfer reactions at mixed conducting electrodes on solid electrolytes","volume":"7","author":"Fleig","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"jesabf40abib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2713","DOI":"10.1039\/b618765j","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The p (O 2) dependence of oxygen surface coverage and exchange current density of mixed conducting oxide electrodes: model considerations","volume":"9","author":"Fleig","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"jesabf40abib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2011.11.002","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Modeling of oxygen reduction mechanism for 3PB and 2PB pathways at solid oxide fuel cell cathode from multi-step charge transfer","volume":"201","author":"Gong","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"jesabf40abib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F480","DOI":"10.1149\/2.070404jes","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Impedance of the surface double layer of LSCF\/CGO composite cathodes: an elementary kinetic model","volume":"161","author":"Yurkiv","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"jesabf40abib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2020.135620","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A detailed kinetic model for the reduction of oxygen on LSCF-GDC composite cathodes","volume":"335","author":"Donazzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"jesabf40abib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F834","DOI":"10.1149\/2.1331707jes","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Placement of reference electrode, electrolyte thickness and three-electrode cell configuration in solid oxide fuel cells: a brief review and update on experimental approach","volume":"164","author":"Jiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"jesabf40abib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/1945-7111\/aba876","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Precautions of using three-electrode configuration to measure electrode overpotential in solid oxide electrochemical cells: insights from finite element modeling","volume":"167","author":"Jin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"jesabf40abib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssi.2008.01.071","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Placement of reference electrode in solid state electrolyte cells","volume":"179","author":"Rutman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2013.06.069","type":"journal-article","article-title":"3D phase mapping of solid oxide fuel cell YSZ\/Ni cermet at the nanoscale by holographic X-ray nanotomography","volume":"243","author":"Villanova","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"jesabf40abib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2014.01.094","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Quantitative microstructure characterization of a Ni\u2013YSZ bi-layer coupled with simulated electrode polarisation","volume":"256","author":"Usseglio-Viretta","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"jesabf40abib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.commatsci.2017.11.015","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Stochastic geometrical modeling of solid oxide cells electrodes validated on 3D reconstructions","volume":"143","author":"Moussaoui","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comput. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"jesabf40abib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2934","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-012-6968-z","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The influence of constrictivity on the effective transport properties of porous layers in electrolysis and fuel cells","volume":"48","author":"Holzer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"jesabf40abib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-0564(08)60439-3","type":"book","article-title":"Characterization and reactivity of molecular oxygen species on oxide surfaces","author":"Che","year":"1983"},{"key":"jesabf40abib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-0564(08)60453-8","type":"book","article-title":"Characterization and reactivity of mononuclear oxygen species on oxide surfaces","author":"Che","year":"1982"},{"key":"jesabf40abib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2738(97)00263-4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Chemical diffusion and oxygen exchange of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.6Fe0.4O3\u2212\u03b4","volume":"99","author":"ten Elshof","year":"1997","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1007\/s10008-003-0488-3","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Oxygen transport in La0.6Sr0.4Co1\u2212yFeyO3\u2212\u03b4","volume":"8","author":"Bouwmeester","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Solid State Elechtrochem."},{"key":"jesabf40abib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7753(02)00277-X","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Thermodynamic and transport properties of gases for use in solid oxide fuel cell modelling","volume":"110","author":"Todd","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"jesabf40abib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2738(00)00554-3","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Measuring oxygen diffusion and oxygen surface exchange by conductivity relaxation","volume":"136\u2013137","author":"Lane","year":"2000","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A1492","DOI":"10.1149\/1.2205150","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Gas concentration impedance of solid oxide fuel cell anodes: I. Stagnation point flow geometry","volume":"153","author":"Bessler","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"jesabf40abib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2021.138765","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Electrode kinetics of porous ni-3YSZ cermet operated in fuel cell and electrolysis modes for solid oxide cell application","author":"Monaco","year":"2021","journal-title":"Summited Electrochem Acta."},{"key":"jesabf40abib65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2009.09.017","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Rational design of novel cathode materials in solid oxide fuel cells using first-principles simulations","volume":"195","author":"Choi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"jesabf40abib66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssi.2011.01.014","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Thermal and chemical lattice expansibility of La0.6Sr0.4Co1\u2212yFeyO3\u2212\u03b4 (y = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8)","volume":"186","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2012.08.009","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Grain boundary conductivity of heterogeneous ceria gadolinia","volume":"85","author":"Tanaka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"jesabf40abib68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1149\/1.3570179","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Electrical conductivity and oxygen diffusivity of perovskite-type solid solution La0.6Sr0.4Co1-yFeyO3-\u03b4 (y = 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8)","volume":"35","author":"Yashiro","year":"2011","journal-title":"ECS Trans."},{"key":"jesabf40abib69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4791","DOI":"10.1021\/cr020724o","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Factors governing oxygen reduction in solid oxide fuel cell cathodes","author":"Adler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"jesabf40abib70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2738(00)00633-0","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The role of electrode microstructure on activation and concentration polarizations in solid oxide fuel cells","volume":"131","author":"Virkar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2751","DOI":"10.1149\/07801.2751ecst","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Numerical simulation of LSCF-GDC composite cathodes with various microstructures","volume":"78","author":"He","year":"2017","journal-title":"ECS Trans."},{"key":"jesabf40abib72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2019.04.066","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Further improvement in performances of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3\u2212\u03b4-doped ceria composite oxygen electrodes with infiltrated doped ceria nanoparticles for reversible solid oxide cells","volume":"427","author":"Brito","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"jesabf40abib73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeurceramsoc.2019.01.013","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cathodic polarisation of composite LSCF-SDC IT-SOFC electrode synthesised by one-step microwave self-assisted combustion","volume":"39","author":"Loureiro","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Eur. Ceram. Soc."},{"key":"jesabf40abib74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1149\/06801.0687ecst","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Electrochemical performance of solid oxide cell oxygen electrodes under pressurization","volume":"68","author":"Hughes","year":"2015","journal-title":"ECS Trans."},{"key":"jesabf40abib75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1002\/fuce.201800205","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of electrospun La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3\u2013\u03b4 nanorod cathodes for intermediate temperature\u2014solid oxide fuel cells","volume":"19","author":"Costamagna","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fuel Cells."},{"key":"jesabf40abib76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2738(02)00102-9","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Electrochemical performance of (La,Sr)(Co,Fe)O3\u2013(Ce,Gd)O3 composite cathodes","volume":"148","author":"Perry Murray","year":"2002","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2017.06.070","type":"journal-article","article-title":", Influence of sintering temperature on morphology and electrochemical performance of LSCF\/GDC composite films as efficient cathode for SOFC","volume":"246","author":"\u00c7elikbilek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"jesabf40abib78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5340","DOI":"10.1021\/cm2016998","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Microstructural 3D reconstruction and performance evaluation of LSCF cathodes obtained by electrostatic spray deposition","volume":"23","author":"Marinha","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"jesabf40abib79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2018.06.063","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Composite cathode material LSCF-Ag for solid oxide fuel cells obtained in one step sintering procedure","volume":"282","author":"Mosia\u0142ek","year":"2018","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"jesabf40abib80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2738(98)00179-9","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Mechanism and kinetics of oxygen reduction on porous La1\u2212xSrxCoO3\u2212\u03b4 electrodes","volume":"111","author":"Adler","year":"1998","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F581","DOI":"10.1149\/2.0031607jes","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Mechanisms of performance degradation of (La,Sr)(Co,Fe)O3-\u03b4 solid oxide fuel cell cathodes","volume":"163","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Electrochem. Soc."},{"key":"jesabf40abib82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssi.2014.11.018","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The chemical oxygen surface exchange and bulk diffusion coefficient determined by impedance spectroscopy of porous La0.58Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3\u2212\u03b4 (LSCF) cathodes","volume":"269","author":"Endler-Schuck","year":"2015","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"jesabf40abib83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13531","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TA04020J","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Stable high current density operation of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3\u2212\u03b4 oxygen electrodes","volume":"7","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"jesabf40abib84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6345","DOI":"10.1039\/C7CS00120G","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Controlling cation segregation in perovskite-based electrodes for high electro-catalytic activity and durability","volume":"46","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"jesabf40abib85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1039\/C1CP21743G","type":"journal-article","article-title":"In situ study of electrochemical activation and surface segregation of the SOFC electrode material La 0.75 Sr 0.25 Cr 0.5 Mn 0.5 O 3\u00b1 \u03b4","volume":"14","author":"Huber","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"jesabf40abib86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1039\/C5FD00010F","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Chromium deposition and poisoning of La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 oxygen electrodes of solid oxide electrolysis cells","volume":"182","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Faraday Discuss."}],"container-title":["Journal of The Electrochemical Society"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1945-7111\/abf40a","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1945-7111\/abf40a\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1945-7111\/abf40a","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1945-7111\/abf40a\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1945-7111\/abf40a\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1945-7111\/abf40a\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1945-7111\/abf40a\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1945-7111\/abf40a\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T14:30:45Z","timestamp":1765031445000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1945-7111\/abf40a"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1149\/1945-7111\/abf40a","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-4651","1945-7111"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-4651","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7111","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"An Elementary Kinetic Model for the LSCF and LSCF-CGO Electrodes of Solid Oxide Cells: Impact of Operating Conditions and Degradation on the Electrode Response","name":"article_title","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of The Electrochemical Society","name":"journal_title","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"paper","name":"article_type","label":"Article Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Electrochemical Society (\u201cECS\u201d). Published on behalf of ECS by IOP Publishing Limited. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright_information","label":"Copyright Information"},{"value":"2021-01-25","name":"date_received","label":"Date Received","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"name":"date_accepted","label":"Date Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}},{"value":"2021-04-19","name":"date_epub","label":"Online publication date","group":{"name":"publication_dates","label":"Publication dates"}}]}}