{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T16:26:10Z","timestamp":1758817570611},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> We recorded from on-off direction-selective ganglion cells (DS cells) in the rabbit retina to investigate in detail the inhibition that contributes to direction selectivity in these cells. Using paired stimuli moving sequentially across the cells' receptive fields in the preferred direction, we directly confirmed the prediction of Wyatt and Daw (1975) that a wave of inhibition accompanies any moving excitatory stimulus on its null side, at a fixed spatial offset. Varying the interstimulus distance, stimulus size, luminance, and speed yielded a spatiotemporal map of the strength of inhibition within this region. This \u201cnull\u201d inhibition was maximal at an intermediate distance behind a moving stimulus: \u00bd to 1\u00bd times the width of the receptive field. The strength of inhibition depended more on the distance behind the stimulus than on stimulus speed, and the inhibition often lasted 1\u20132 s. These spatial and temporal parameters appear to account for the known spatial frequency and velocity tuning of on-off DS cells to drifting contrast gratings. Stimuli that elicit distinct onand off responses to leading and trailing edges revealed that an excitatory response of either polarity could inhibit a subsequent response of either polarity. For example, an offresponse inhibited either an on or off response of a subsequent stimulus. This inhibition apparently is conferred by a neural element or network spanning the on andoff sublayers of the inner plexiform layer, such as a multistratified amacrine cell. Trials using a stationary flashing spot as a probe demonstrated that the total amount of inhibition conferred on the DS cell was equivalent for stimuli moving in either the null or preferred direction. Apparently the cell does not act as a classic \u201cintegrate and fire\u201d neuron, summing all inputs at the soma. Rather, computation of stimulus direction likely involves interactions between excitatory and inhibitory inputs in local regions of the dendrites. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2002.88.2.1026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,21]],"date-time":"2017-12-21T19:55:37Z","timestamp":1513886137000},"page":"1026-1039","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Functional Inhibition in Direction-Selective Retinal Ganglion Cells: Spatiotemporal Extent and Intralaminar Interactions"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Steven F.","family":"Stasheff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115; and"},{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114"}]},{"given":"Richard H.","family":"Masland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 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