{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T22:23:24Z","timestamp":1767997404571,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Partial bladder outlet obstruction (pBOO)-induced remodeling of bladder detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) is associated with the modulation of cell signals regulating contraction. We analyzed the DSM from obstructed murine urinary bladders for the temporal regulation of RhoA GTPase and Rho-activated kinase (ROCK), which are linked to Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> sensitization. In addition, the effects of equibiaxial cell stretch, a condition thought to be associated with pBOO-induced bladder wall smooth muscle hypertrophy and voiding frequency, on the expression of RhoA, ROCK, and C-kinase-activated protein phosphatase I inhibitor (CPI-17) were investigated. DSM from 1-, 3-, 7-, and 14-day obstructed male mice bladders and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)-induced obstructed human bladders revealed overexpression of RhoA and ROCK-\u03b2 at the mRNA and protein levels compared with control. Primary human bladder myocytes seeded onto type I collagen-coated elastic silicone membranes were subjected to cyclic equibiaxial stretch, mimicking the cellular mechanical stretch in the bladder in vivo, and analyzed for the expression of RhoA, ROCK-\u03b2, and CPI-17. Stretch caused a significant increase of RhoA, ROCK\u03b2, and CPI-17 expression. The stretch-induced increase in CPI-17 expression occurs at the transcriptional level and is associated with CPI-17 promoter binding by GATA-6 and NF-\u03baB, the transcription factors responsible for CPI-17 gene transcription. Cell stretch caused by bladder overdistension in pBOO is the likely mechanism for initiating overexpression of the signaling proteins regulating DSM tone. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00033.2014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,17]],"date-time":"2014-07-17T03:05:51Z","timestamp":1405566351000},"page":"C542-C553","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Mechanical stretch upregulates proteins involved in Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> sensitization in urinary bladder smooth muscle hypertrophy"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"307","author":[{"given":"Ettickan","family":"Boopathi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristiano","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital das Clinicas, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, 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