{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:32:29Z","timestamp":1787070749623,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health (NIH)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1EY008834"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1EY008834"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Maintenance of corneal hydration is dependent on the active transport properties of the corneal endothelium. We tested the hypothesis that lactic acid efflux, facilitated by buffering, is a component of the endothelial fluid pump. Rabbit corneas were perfused with bicarbonate-rich (BR) or bicarbonate-free (BF) Ringer of varying buffering power, while corneal thickness was measured. Perfusate was collected and analyzed for lactate efflux. In BF with no added HEPES, the maximal corneal swelling rate was 30.0 \u00b1 4.1 \u03bcm\/h compared with 5.2 \u00b1 0.9 \u03bcm\/h in BR. Corneal swelling decreased directly with [HEPES], such that with 60 mM HEPES corneas swelled at 7.5 \u00b1 1.6 \u03bcm\/h. Perfusate [lactate] increased directly with [HEPES]. Similarly, reducing the [HCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>] increased corneal swelling and decreased lactate efflux. Corneal swelling was inversely related to Ringer buffering power (\u03b2), whereas lactate efflux was directly related to \u03b2. Ouabain (100 \u03bcM) produced maximal swelling and reduction in lactate efflux, whereas carbonic anhydrase inhibition and an monocarboxylic acid transporter 1 inhibitor produced intermediate swelling and decreases in lactate efflux. Conversely, 10 \u03bcM adenosine reduced the swelling rate to 4.2 \u00b1 0.8 \u03bcm\/h and increased lactate efflux by 25%. We found a strong inverse relation between corneal swelling and lactate efflux ( r = 0.98, P &lt; 0.0001). Introducing lactate in the Ringer transiently increased corneal thickness, reaching a steady state (0 \u00b1 0.6 \u03bcm\/h) within 90 min. We conclude that corneal endothelial function does not have an absolute requirement for bicarbonate; rather it requires a perfusing solution with high buffering power. This facilitates lactic acid efflux, which is directly linked to water efflux, indicating that lactate flux is a component of the corneal endothelial pump. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00095.2016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,26]],"date-time":"2016-05-26T04:24:56Z","timestamp":1464236696000},"page":"C116-C126","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Fluid transport by the cornea endothelium is dependent on buffering lactic acid efflux"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"311","author":[{"given":"Shimin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3842-7646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Bonanno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.200810169"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-394316-3.00009-0"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(84)90021-6"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(04)74099-0"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M802134200"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1014293108"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-198503000-00005"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1999.277.3.C545"},{"key":"B9","first-page":"3058","volume":"33","author":"Bonanno JA","year":"1992","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"B10","first-page":"3068","volume":"33","author":"Bonanno JA","year":"1992","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.10.011"},{"key":"B12","first-page":"430","volume":"8","author":"Deitmer JW","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2007.05.020"},{"key":"B14","first-page":"1523","volume":"8","author":"Dikstein S","year":"1972","journal-title":"Isr J Med Sci"},{"key":"B15","first-page":"216","volume":"29","author":"Doughty MJ","year":"1988","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1974.sp010676"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01869942"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017416"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c130008"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015137"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(02)00329-9"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(63)80003-2"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(66)80010-6"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(63)80001-9"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00045.2002"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1976.sp011645"},{"key":"B27","first-page":"488","volume":"41","author":"Jelamskii S","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01871930"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1994.267.6.C1561"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2014.00188"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2014.09.013"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.255331"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1981.sp013971"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(71)80026-X"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2004.02.014"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(90)90037-U"},{"key":"B37","first-page":"434","volume":"35","author":"la Cour M","year":"1994","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2008.01.017"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00405.2004"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-14386"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713688208997692"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0084451"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-5257"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713688509025147"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(78)90299-7"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(02)03574-6"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-8086"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-9475"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20100890"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(69)80031-X"},{"key":"B51","first-page":"103","volume":"36","author":"Riley M","year":"1995","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"B52","first-page":"1","volume":"37","author":"Riley M","year":"1996","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1997.273.5.C1480"},{"key":"B54","first-page":"600","volume":"11","author":"Riley MV","year":"1972","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B55","first-page":"560","volume":"35","author":"Riley MV","year":"1994","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1981.61.2.296"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00232-016-9887-0"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00232-001-0151-9"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00410764"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.220152"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00384.2001"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.2000.279.5.C1648"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-1188"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.10187"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1993.264.4.C944"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2004.12.002"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1976.sp011305"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/eph8702465"},{"key":"B69","first-page":"458","volume":"438","author":"Usui T","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.0743h.x"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2006.06.011"},{"key":"B72","first-page":"1146","volume":"43","author":"Zhang Y","year":"2002","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/ajpcell.00095.2016","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T16:15:23Z","timestamp":1718640923000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/ajpcell.00095.2016"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/ajpcell.00095.2016"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpcell.00095.2016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-6143","1522-1563"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-6143","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1563","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]]}}}