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The effects of ethanol were mimicked by acetaldehyde, the first metabolic product of ethanol, but not by acetone, the metabolic product of 2-propanol. Besides increasing open probability and apparent density of active channels, confocal microscopy and surface biotinylation showed that ethanol significantly increased \u03b1-ENaC protein in the apical membrane. The effects of ethanol on ENaC P<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub> and N were abolished by a superoxide scavenger, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy (TEMPOL) and blocked by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002. Consistent with an effect of ethanol-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) on ENaC, primary alcohols and acetaldehyde elevated intracellular ROS, but secondary alcohols did not. Taken together with our previous finding that ROS stimulate ENaC, the current results suggest that ethanol stimulates ENaC by elevating intracellular ROS probably via its metabolic product acetaldehyde. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00139.2012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,16]],"date-time":"2012-08-16T01:53:22Z","timestamp":1345082002000},"page":"C1129-C1138","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Ethanol stimulates epithelial sodium channels by elevating reactive oxygen species"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"303","author":[{"given":"Hui-Fang","family":"Bao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia;"},{"name":"The Center for Cell and Molecular Signaling, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John Z.","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia;"},{"name":"The Center for Cell and Molecular Signaling, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Billie J.","family":"Duke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia;"},{"name":"The Center for Cell and Molecular Signaling, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"He-Ping","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia;"},{"name":"The Center for Cell and Molecular Signaling, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald D.","family":"Denson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; and"},{"name":"The Center for Cell and Molecular Signaling, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas C.","family":"Eaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia;"},{"name":"The Center for Cell and Molecular Signaling, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-8329(89)90029-3"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510280521"},{"key":"B4","first-page":"143","volume":"346","author":"Castellano E","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1947601911408079"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1947601911408081"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.5.2514"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.24.7052"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874473710801010003"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advenzreg.2006.12.018"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/jhs.53.378"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-003-1027-x"},{"key":"B13","unstructured":"Goldman R.  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