{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T04:59:35Z","timestamp":1790485175243,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This study investigated the acute effects of a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-\u03b3 ligand, ciglitizone, on cell proliferation and intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> signaling in human normal myometrium and uterine leiomyoma. Changes in intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> concentration ([Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>) were measured with fura-2 AM, and cellular viabilities were determined by viable cell count and 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide reduction assay. Ciglitizone (100 \u03bcM) induced greater inhibition of cell proliferation in uterine leiomyoma than in myometrium. Ciglitizone also dose-dependently increased [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> in both myometrium and uterine leiomyoma; these [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> increases were inhibited by PPAR-\u03b3 antagonists and raloxifene. Ciglitizone-induced [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> increase showed only an initial peak in normal myometrial cells, whereas in uterine leiomyoma there was a second sustained [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> increase as well. The initial [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> increase in both myometrium and uterine leiomyoma resulted from the release of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> by the sarcoplasmic reticulum via activation of ryanodine receptors. The second [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> increase was observed only in uterine leiomyoma because of a Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> influx via an activation of store-operated Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channels (SOCCs). Cell proliferation was inhibited and secondary [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> increase in uterine leiomyoma was attenuated by cotreatment of ciglitizone with a SOCC blocker, lanthanum. The results suggest that ciglitizone inhibits cell proliferation and increases [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> through the activation of SOCCs, especially in human uterine leiomyoma. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00154.2004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,7]],"date-time":"2004-10-07T00:13:23Z","timestamp":1097108003000},"page":"C389-C395","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Ciglitizone inhibits cell proliferation in human uterine leiomyoma via activation of store-operated Ca<sup>2+<\/sup> channels"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"288","author":[{"given":"Byoung Ywong","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Heum","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dae-Kyu","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyo-Cheol","family":"Mun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seong-Il","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang-Pyo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Hoon","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byeong-Churl","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taeg Kyu","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soon-Do","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Insoo","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Hoon","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baba A, Yasui T, Fujisawa S, Yamada RX, Yamada MK, Nishiyama N, Matsuki N, and Ikegaya Y. 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