{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T15:45:24Z","timestamp":1789055124952,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":128,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"5","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PJT-162422"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PJT-162422"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010318","name":"University of Manitoba","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010318","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.physiology.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Muscular dystrophy exerts significant and dramatic impacts on affected patients, including progressive muscle wasting leading to lung and heart failure, and results in severely curtailed lifespan. Although the focus for many years has been on the dysfunction induced by the loss of function of dystrophin or related components of the striated muscle costamere, recent studies have demonstrated that accompanying pathologies, particularly muscle fibrosis, also contribute adversely to patient outcomes. A significant body of research has now shown that therapeutically targeting these accompanying pathologies via their underlying molecular mechanisms may provide novel approaches to patient management that can complement the current standard of care. In this review, we discuss the interplay between muscle fibrosis and muscular dystrophy pathology. A better understanding of these processes will contribute to improved patient care options, restoration of muscle function, and reduced patient morbidity and mortality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00196.2023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T04:14:06Z","timestamp":1696220046000},"page":"C1326-C1335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/aps-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The role of fibrosis in the pathophysiology of muscular dystrophy"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"325","author":[{"given":"Farnaz","family":"Mogharehabed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4897-9804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael P.","family":"Czubryt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7374-3_3"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e3181aa31c2"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-020-01430-8"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2016.4801"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-018-2046-x"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.110.960740"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-017-1777-4"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-014-0081-1"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.114.001338"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-15-107"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00248-3"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10060796"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd6030028"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1240104"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3904"},{"key":"B16","first-page":"184","volume":"31","author":"Klingler W","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Myol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0603216103"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24998"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP280656"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199816070-00018"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.210110"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13395-021-00265-6"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.105775"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.064162"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30619-7"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2006.tb00435.x"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.201300072"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.201400471"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0165079"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.90370.2008"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20071297"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac362"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1204708109"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2018.05.004"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2011.05.011"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/cam.3.4.9338"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2009.080509"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life11121398"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1128534"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acthis.2019.151458"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0192651"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2017.08.048"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2015.07.008"},{"key":"B44","first-page":"18","volume":"2","author":"Penn JW","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Burns Trauma"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12363389"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2014.04.006"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13395-017-0140-z"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00602"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2020.04.005"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117251"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.09-150045"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1087"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2012.07.028"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M610113200"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddx109"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8030232"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c140044"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.12266"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118101"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2018.01.014"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-016-0243-8"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00333.2015"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-016-2439-1"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.22232"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3010018"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23819"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI39845"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2007.09.043"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00199-15"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.03270"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2952"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2018.07.130"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158209"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M801379200"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2005.10.004"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2019.02.006"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000358"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddn376"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.465908"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/965631"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.64.s86.11.x"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2011.06.051"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12159"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2009.01.020"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0093449"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddt514"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2797(89)90075-6"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00031.2006"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70271-6"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000187457.24338.3D"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.109.213116"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1002178107"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2014.01.012"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2017.1328348"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1009700107"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2020.101557"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1202768"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WOX.0b013e3182439613"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2017.06.27"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA119.009744"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.2632"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2020.06.013"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0143-4160(95)90062-4"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2012.11.017"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI43844"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.2010.077"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1994.sp020440"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.075275"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbiomolbio.2008.02.009"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03844"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00017.2008"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00321.2019"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.28103"},{"key":"B114","first-page":"121","volume":"31","author":"Passamano L","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Myol"},{"key":"B115","first-page":"117","volume":"31","author":"Rall S","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Myol"},{"key":"B116","first-page":"24","volume":"31","author":"Politano L","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Myol"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0960-8966(02)00213-4"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.682432"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2017.12.006"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP274229"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1109587"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21124293"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox8120581"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00339-14"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081222"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.8651-16"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-020-00515-1"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12996"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/ajpcell.00196.2023","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T11:06:57Z","timestamp":1718622417000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/ajpcell.00196.2023"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"references-count":128,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/ajpcell.00196.2023"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpcell.00196.2023","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-6143","1522-1563"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-6143","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1563","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-09-25","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-09-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}