{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T08:38:13Z","timestamp":1791189493362,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> We recently reported that transforming growth factor-\u03b2 (TGF-\u03b2) induces an increase in cytosolic Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> ([Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>cyt<\/jats:sub>) in pancreatic cancer cells, but the mechanisms by which TGF-\u03b2 mediates [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>cyt<\/jats:sub> homeostasis in these cells are currently unknown. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> exchangers (NCX) are plasma membrane proteins that play prominent roles in controlling [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>cyt<\/jats:sub> homeostasis in normal mammalian cells, but little is known regarding their roles in the regulation of [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>cyt<\/jats:sub> in pancreatic cancer cells and pancreatic cancer development. Expression and function of NCX1 and TRPC1 proteins were characterized in BxPc3 pancreatic cancer cells. TGF-\u03b2 induced both intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> release and extracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> entry in these cells; however, 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate [2-APB; a blocker for both inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) receptor and TRPC], LaCl<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> (a selective TRPC blocker), or KB-R7943 (a selective inhibitor for the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> entry mode of NCX) markedly inhibited the TGF-\u03b2-induced increase in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>cyt<\/jats:sub>. 2-APB or KB-R7943 treatment was able to dose-dependently reverse membrane translocation of PKC\u03b1 induced by TGF-\u03b2. Transfection with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against NCX1 almost completely abolished NCX1 expression in BxPc3 cells and also inhibited PKC\u03b1 serine phosphorylation induced by TGF-\u03b2. Knockdown of NCX1 or TRPC1 by specific siRNA transfection reversed TGF-\u03b2-induced pancreatic cancer cell motility. Therefore, TGF-\u03b2 induces Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> entry likely via TRPC1 and NCX1 and raises [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>cyt<\/jats:sub> in pancreatic cancer cells, which is essential for PKC\u03b1 activation and subsequent tumor cell invasion. Our data suggest that TRPC1 and NCX1 may be among the potential therapeutic targets for pancreatic cancer. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00242.2010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,23]],"date-time":"2010-09-23T04:01:53Z","timestamp":1285214513000},"page":"C1493-C1503","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Molecular mechanisms underlying Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>-mediated motility of human pancreatic duct cells"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"299","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ki-Nam","family":"Shim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny M. 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