{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T11:23:49Z","timestamp":1789903429926,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The sodium iodide symporter (NIS) mediates iodide (I<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>) transport in the thyroid gland and other tissues and is of increasing importance as a therapeutic target and nuclear imaging reporter. NIS activity in vitro is currently measured with radiotracers and electrophysiological techniques. We report on the development of a novel live cell imaging assay of NIS activity using the I<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>-sensitive and genetically encodable yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) variant YFP-H148Q\/I152L. In FRTL-5 thyrocytes stably expressing YFP-H148Q\/I152L, I<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> induced a rapid and reversible decrease in cellular fluorescence characterized by 1) high affinity for extracellular I<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> (35 \u03bcM), 2) inhibition by the NIS inhibitor perchlorate, 3) extracellular Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> dependence, and 4) TSH dependence, suggesting that fluorescence changes are due to I<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> influx via NIS. Individual cells within a population of FRTL-5 cells exhibited a 3.5-fold variation in the rate of NIS-mediated I<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> influx, illustrating the utility of YFP-H148Q\/I152L to detect cell-to-cell difference in NIS activity. I<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> also caused a perchlorate-sensitive decrease in YFP-H148Q\/I152L fluorescence in COS-7 cells expressing NIS but not in cells lacking NIS. These results demonstrate that YFP-H148Q\/I152L is a sensitive biosensor of NIS-mediated I<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> uptake in thyroid cells and in nonthyroidal cells following gene transfer and suggest that fluorescence detection of cellular I<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> may be a useful tool by which to study the pathophysiology and pharmacology of NIS. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00291.2006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,21]],"date-time":"2006-09-21T00:52:59Z","timestamp":1158799979000},"page":"C814-C823","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Cell-based imaging of sodium iodide symporter activity with the yellow fluorescent protein variant YFP-H148Q\/I152L"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"292","author":[{"given":"Kerry J.","family":"Rhoden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Cianchetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Stivani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Portulano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis J. V.","family":"Galietta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Romeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barton KN, Tyson D, Stricker H, Lew YS, Heisey G, Koul S, de la Zerda A, Yin FF, Yan H, Nagaraja TN, Randall KA, Jin GK, Fenstermacher JD, Jhiang S, Ho Kim J, Freytag SO, Brown SL. GENIS: gene expression of sodium iodide symporter for noninvasive imaging of gene therapy vectors and quantification of gene expression in vivo. Mol Ther 8: 508\u2013518, 2003.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1525-0016(03)00153-9"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bouchentouf M, Benabdallah BF, Dumont M, Rousseau J, Jobin L, Tremblay JP. Real-time imaging of myoblast transplantation using the human sodium iodide symporter. 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Application of the Cre\/loxP system to enhance thyroid-targeted expression of sodium\/iodide symporter. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89: 2344\u20132350, 2004.","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031963"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nagayama Y, Yokoi H, Takeda K, Hasegawa M, Nishihara E, Namba H, Yamashita S, Niwa M. Adenovirus-mediated tumor suppressor p53 gene therapy for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85: 4081\u20134086, 2000.","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.11.6941"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pedemonte N, Lukacs GL, Du K, Caci E, Zegarra-Moran O, Galietta LJ, Verkman AS. Small-molecule correctors of defective DeltaF508-CFTR cellular processing identified by high-throughput screening. J Clin Invest 115: 2564\u20132571, 2005.","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI24898"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pohlenz J, Refetoff S. 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