{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:41:40Z","timestamp":1791160900704,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This study explores the nature of K fluxes in human lens epithelial cells (LECs) in hyposmotic solutions. Total ion fluxes, Na-K pump, Cl-dependent Na-K-2Cl (NKCC), K-Cl (KCC) cotransport, and K channels were determined by <jats:sup>85<\/jats:sup>Rb uptake and cell K (K<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>) by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and cell water gravimetrically after exposure to ouabain \u00b1 bumetanide (Na-K pump and NKCC inhibitors), and ion channel inhibitors in varying osmolalities with Na, K, or methyl-d-glucamine and Cl, sulfamate, or nitrate. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot analyses, and immunochemistry were also performed. In isosmotic (300 mosM) media \u223c90% of the total Rb influx occurred through the Na-K pump and NKCC and \u223c10% through KCC and a residual leak. Hyposmotic media (150 mosM) decreased K<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub> by a 16-fold higher K permeability and cell water, but failed to inactivate NKCC and activate KCC. Sucrose replacement or extracellular K to &gt;57 mM, but not Rb or Cs, in hyposmotic media prevented K<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub> and water loss. Rb influx equaled K<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub> loss, both blocked by clotrimazole (IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> \u223c25 \u03bcM) and partially by 1-[(2-chlorophenyl) diphenylmethyl]-1H-pyrazole (TRAM-34) inhibitors of the IK channel K<jats:sub>Ca<\/jats:sub>3.1 but not by other K channel or connexin hemichannel blockers. Of several anion channel blockers (dihydro-indenyl)oxy]alkanoic acid (DIOA), 4-2(butyl-6,7-dichloro-2-cyclopentylindan-1-on-5-yl)oxybutyric acid (DCPIB), and phloretin totally or partially inhibited K<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub> loss and Rb influx, respectively. RT-PCR and immunochemistry confirmed the presence of K<jats:sub>Ca<\/jats:sub>3.1 channels, aside of the KCC1, KCC2, KCC3 and KCC4 isoforms. Apparently, IK channels, possibly in parallel with volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying Cl channels, effect regulatory volume decrease in LECs. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00375.2007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,10]],"date-time":"2008-01-10T02:18:39Z","timestamp":1199931519000},"page":"C820-C832","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Apparent intermediate K conductance channel hyposmotic activation in human lens epithelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"294","author":[{"given":"Peter K.","family":"Lauf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandeep","family":"Misri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ameet A.","family":"Chimote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norma C.","family":"Adragna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adragna NC, Di Fulvio MD, Lauf PK. 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