{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T23:00:28Z","timestamp":1792710028022,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Oxygen free radicals (OFR) are thought to mediate ischemia-reperfusion injury to endothelium of heart, lung, brain, liver, and kidney and contribute to development of atherosclerosis, pulmonary O2 toxicity, and adult respiratory distress syndrome. Increased cytosolic free Ca2+ (Cai2+) has been proposed as a mechanism of injury from oxidative stress, yet the pathways by which an increase in Cai2+ may cause OFR-mediated endothelial cell injury remain unknown. Using multiparameter digitized video microscopy and the fluorescent probes, fura-2 acetoxymethyl ester and propidium iodide, we measured Cai2+ and cell viability in human umbilical endothelial cells during oxidative stress with xanthine (50 microM) plus xanthine oxidase (40 mU\/ml). Oxidative stress caused a sustained increase in Cai2+ from a resting level of 90-100 nM to near 500 nM, which was preceded by formation of plasma membrane blebs. The increase in Cai2+ was prevented by removal of extracellular Ca2+ (Cao2+). Prevention of the increase in Cai2+ was associated with prolonged cell viability. Readdition of Cao2+ resulted in an immediate large increase in Cai2+ and rapid onset of cell death. The protease inhibitors, leupeptin and pepstatin, delayed the increase in Cai2+ and prolonged cell viability. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that endothelial cell injury due to oxidative stress may be the result of Cai2+ influx and resultant activation of Ca(2+)-dependent proteases. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1991.261.5.c889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,24]],"date-time":"2017-12-24T13:18:11Z","timestamp":1514121491000},"page":"C889-C896","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Cytosolic free Ca2+ and proteolysis in lethal oxidative injury in endothelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"261","author":[{"given":"M. D.","family":"Geeraerts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, Universityof North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7090."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. F.","family":"Ronveaux-Dupal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, Universityof North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7090."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. J.","family":"Lemasters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, Universityof North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7090."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Herman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, Universityof North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7090."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/ajpcell.1991.261.5.C889","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T19:46:33Z","timestamp":1718653593000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/ajpcell.1991.261.5.C889"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,11,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,11,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/ajpcell.1991.261.5.C889"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpcell.1991.261.5.c889","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-6143","1522-1563"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-6143","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1563","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,11,1]]}}}