{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T12:10:27Z","timestamp":1785327027555,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Rabbit tibialis anterior muscles were stimulated continuously at 10 Hz for periods ranging from 2 min to 96 h and were analyzed for energy reserves and metabolic intermediates. Glycogen, ATP and phosphocreatine fell rapidly during the first 5 min of stimulation. Glycogen continued to fall to very low levels, whereas ATP and phosphocreatine rose, reaching 70% of control by 1 h, despite ongoing stimulation. After 2 h, glycogen also increased, regaining control levels in 4 days. Glucose rose to 4.5 times control in 30 min and still exceeded 2.5 times control at 24 h. In the first 2 min, glycolytic intermediates, glucose 6-phosphate (G-6-P), fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, lactate, and pyruvate more than doubled and then returned to control levels or below. Malate and 3-glycerophosphate rose 600 and 200%, respectively. Both of these compounds participate in shuttling reducing equivalents from cytoplasm into mitochondria. Citrate and alpha-ketoglutarate underwent much more modest changes. Glucose 1,6-bisphosphate (G-1,6-P2) fell to one-third of control by 2 h and then rose dramatically at 4 h. At 4 days it was still twice control. The 6-phosphogluconate (6PG) doubled at 2 min, then rose to 12 times control at 2 h, fell somewhat, and peaked at 16 times control at 24 h. Aspartate and alanine both exhibited a biphasic rise in concentration, whereas glutamate fell to 30% in 15 min and rose slowly after 4 h. The rise in glucose was interpreted to be the consequence of rapid glycogenolysis together with inhibition of hexokinase by G-1,6-P2 and elevated G-6-P. Paradoxically, glycogen resynthesis apparently occurred when the glycogen synthase stimulator, G-6-P, was very low, and the glycolysis stimulator, G-1,6-P2, was high. Although G-1,6-P2 is an inhibitor of 6PG dehydrogenase, the timing of the changes in G-1,6-P2 and 6PG levels suggests that the accumulation of 6PG was initiated by some other influence. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1996.271.4.c1167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,24]],"date-time":"2017-12-24T19:56:02Z","timestamp":1514145362000},"page":"C1167-C1171","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Changes in ATP, phosphocreatine, and 16 metabolites in muscle stimulated for up to 96 hours"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"271","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Salmons","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Liverpool,United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. C.","family":"Jarvis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Liverpool,United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. N.","family":"Mayne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Liverpool,United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. M.","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Liverpool,United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. K.","family":"Manchester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Liverpool,United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"D. B.","family":"McDougal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Liverpool,United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O. H.","family":"Lowry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Liverpool,United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"24","container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/ajpcell.1996.271.4.C1167","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T19:35:36Z","timestamp":1718652936000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/ajpcell.1996.271.4.C1167"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,10,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,10,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/ajpcell.1996.271.4.C1167"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpcell.1996.271.4.c1167","relation":{},"ISSN":["0363-6143","1522-1563"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0363-6143","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1563","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,10,1]]}}}