{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T09:15:47Z","timestamp":1762161347800,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Adenosine stimulates Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>channels of the nonpigmented (NPE) cells of the ciliary epithelium. We sought to identify the specific adenosine receptors mediating this action. Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>channel activity in immortalized human (HCE) NPE cells was determined by monitoring cell volume in isotonic suspensions with the cationic ionophore gramicidin present. The A<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>-selective agonist N<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>-(3-iodobenzyl)-adenosine-5\u2032- N-methyluronamide (IB-MECA) triggered shrinkage (apparent K<jats:sub>d<\/jats:sub>= 55 \u00b1 10 nM). A<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>-selective antagonists blocked IB-MECA-triggered shrinkage, and A<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>-antagonists (MRS-1097, MRS-1191, and MRS-1523) also abolished shrinkage produced by 10 \u03bcM adenosine when all four known receptor subtypes are occupied. The A<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>-selective agonist N<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>-cyclopentyladenosine exerted a small effect at 100 nM but not at higher or lower concentrations. The A<jats:sub>2A<\/jats:sub>agonist CGS-21680 triggered shrinkage only at high concentration (3 \u03bcM), an effect blocked by MRS-1191. IB-MECA increased intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>in HCE cells and also stimulated short-circuit current across rabbit ciliary epithelium. A<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>message was detected in both HCE cells and rabbit ciliary processes using RT-PCR. We conclude that human HCE cells and rabbit ciliary processes possess A<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>receptors and that adenosine can activate Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>channels in NPE cells by stimulating these A<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>receptors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1999.276.3.c659","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,24]],"date-time":"2017-12-24T22:22:28Z","timestamp":1514154148000},"page":"C659-C666","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["A<sub>3<\/sub>adenosine receptors regulate Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup>channels of nonpigmented ciliary epithelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"276","author":[{"given":"Claire H.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Physiology,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Peterson-Yantorno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Physiology,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Carr\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Physiology,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alice M.","family":"McGlinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Coca-Prados","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Stone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mortimer M.","family":"Civan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Physiology,"},{"name":"Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6085; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00233949"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1997.273.4.C1354"},{"key":"B3","first-page":"158","volume":"12","author":"Civan M. 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