{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T03:43:26Z","timestamp":1774323806280,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>These experiments were performed to determine the effects of reducing Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>influx (Ca<jats:sub>in<\/jats:sub>) on K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>currents ( I<jats:sub>K<\/jats:sub>) in myocytes from rat small mesenteric arteries by 1) adding external Cd<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>or 2) lowering external Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>to 0.2 mM. When measured from a holding potential (HP) of \u221220 mV ( I<jats:sub>K20<\/jats:sub>), decreasing Ca<jats:sub>in<\/jats:sub>decreased I<jats:sub>K<\/jats:sub>at voltages where it was active (&gt;0 mV). When measured from a HP of \u221260 mV ( I<jats:sub>K60<\/jats:sub>), decreasing Ca<jats:sub>in<\/jats:sub>increased I<jats:sub>K<\/jats:sub>at voltages between \u221230 and +20 mV but decreased I<jats:sub>K<\/jats:sub>at voltages above +40 mV. Difference currents (\u0394 I<jats:sub>K<\/jats:sub>) were determined by digital subtraction of currents recorded under control conditions from those obtained when Ca<jats:sub>in<\/jats:sub>was decreased. At test voltages up to 0 mV, \u0394 I<jats:sub>K60<\/jats:sub>exhibited kinetics similar to control I<jats:sub>K60<\/jats:sub>, with rapid activation to a peak followed by slow inactivation. At 0 mV, peak \u0394 I<jats:sub>K60<\/jats:sub>averaged 75 \u00b1 13 pA ( n = 8) with Cd<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>and 120 \u00b1 20 pA ( n = 9) with low Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>concentration. At test voltages from 0 to +60 mV, \u0394 I<jats:sub>K60<\/jats:sub>always had an early positive peak phase, but its apparent \u201cinactivation\u201d increased with voltage and its steady value became negative above +20 mV. At +60 mV, the initial peak \u0394 I<jats:sub>K60<\/jats:sub>averaged 115 \u00b1 18 pA with Cd<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>and 187 \u00b1 34 pA with low Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>. With 10 mM pipette BAPTA, Cd<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>produced a small inhibition of I<jats:sub>K20<\/jats:sub>but still increased I<jats:sub>K60<\/jats:sub>between \u221230 and +10 mV. In Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>-free external solution, Cd<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>only decreased both I<jats:sub>K20<\/jats:sub>and I<jats:sub>K60<\/jats:sub>. In the presence of iberiotoxin (100 nM) to inhibit Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>-activated K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>channels (K<jats:sub>Ca<\/jats:sub>), Cd<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>increased I<jats:sub>K60<\/jats:sub>at all voltages positive to \u221230 mV while BAY K 8644 (1 \u03bcM) decreased I<jats:sub>K60<\/jats:sub>. These results suggest that Ca<jats:sub>in<\/jats:sub>, through L-type Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>channels and perhaps other pathways, increases K<jats:sub>Ca<\/jats:sub>(i.e., I<jats:sub>K20<\/jats:sub>) and decreases voltage-dependent K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>currents in this tissue. This effect could contribute to membrane depolarization and force maintenance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1999.277.1.c51","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,24]],"date-time":"2017-12-24T22:12:34Z","timestamp":1514153554000},"page":"C51-C63","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>influx inhibits voltage-dependent and augments Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>-dependent K<sup>+<\/sup>currents in arterial myocytes"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"277","author":[{"given":"Robert H.","family":"Cox","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6085; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Petrou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia 3052"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-198500076-00032"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03430130110043"},{"key":"B4","first-page":"23","volume":"21","author":"Cauvin C.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Blood Vessels"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6867722"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(96)00179-3"},{"issue":"32","key":"B7","first-page":"H453","volume":"263","author":"Cox R. 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