{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T04:34:33Z","timestamp":1789878873172,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> A method involving surgical exposure of the colonic mucosa, fluorescent dye addition, and confocal microscopy has been developed for monitoring colonic crypt function in vivo in mice. Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> concentration in the extracellular pericryptal space of descending colon was measured using a low-affinity Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-sensitive fluorescent indicator consisting of an Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-sensitive chromophore (sodium red) and an Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-insensitive chromophore (Bodipy-fl) immobilized on 200-nm-diameter polystyrene beads. The Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> indicator beads accumulated in the pericryptal spaces surrounding the colonic crypts after a 1-h exposure of the colonic luminal surface to the bead suspension. Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> concentration ([Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>]) in the pericryptal space was 491 \u00b1 62 mM ( n = 4). After a 70-min exposure to amiloride (0.25 mM), pericryptal [Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>] was reduced to 152 \u00b1 21 mM. Blockage of the crypt lumen with mineral oil droplets reduced pericryptal [Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>] to 204 \u00b1 44 mM. Exposure of the colonic mucosa to FITC-dextran (4.5 kDa) led to rapid accumulation of the dye into the crypt lumen with a half time of 19.8 \u00b1 1.0 s, which was increased to 77.9 \u00b1 6.0 s after amiloride treatment. These results establish an in vivo fluorescence method to measure colonic crypt function and provide direct evidence for accumulation of a hypertonic absorbate in the pericryptal space of descending colon. The pericryptal space represents the first example of a hypertonic extracellular compartment in mammals that is not created by a countercurrent amplification mechanism. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.2001.281.6.c1898","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,24]],"date-time":"2017-12-24T20:37:13Z","timestamp":1514147833000},"page":"C1898-C1903","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["In vivo fluorescence measurement of Na<sup>+<\/sup>concentration  in the pericryptal space of mouse descending colon"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"281","author":[{"given":"J. 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