{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T21:09:52Z","timestamp":1774645792506,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We used the calcitonin\/calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-\u03b1 gene knockout model ( Ct\/Cgrp null) to determine whether calcitonin and CGRP\u03b1 are required for normal fetal mineral homeostasis and placental calcium transfer. Heterozygous ( Ct\/Cgrp<jats:sup>+\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>) and Ct\/Cgrp null females were mated to Ct\/Cgrp<jats:sup>+\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>males. One or two days before term, blood was collected from mothers and fetuses and analyzed for ionized Ca, Mg, P, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and calcitonin. Amniotic fluid was collected for Ca, Mg, and P. To quantify skeletal mineral content, fetuses were reduced to ash, dissolved in nitric acid, and analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy for total Ca and Mg. Placental transfer of<jats:sup>45<\/jats:sup>Ca at 5 min was assessed. Ct\/Cgrp null mothers had significantly fewer viable fetuses in utero compared with Ct\/Cgrp<jats:sup>+\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>and wild-type mothers. Fetal serum Ca, P, and PTH did not differ by genotype, but serum Mg was significantly reduced in null fetuses. Placental transfer of<jats:sup>45<\/jats:sup>Ca at 5 min was normal. The calcium content of the fetal skeleton was normal; however, total Mg content was reduced in Ct\/Cgrp null skeletons obtained from Ct\/Cgrp null mothers. In summary, maternal absence of calcitonin and CGRP\u03b1 reduced the number of viable fetuses. Fetal absence of calcitonin and CGRP\u03b1 selectively reduced serum and skeletal magnesium content but did not alter ionized calcium, placental calcium transfer, and skeletal calcium content. These findings indicate that calcitonin and CGRP\u03b1 are not needed for normal fetal calcium metabolism but may regulate aspects of fetal Mg metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00023.2004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,30]],"date-time":"2004-03-30T01:23:19Z","timestamp":1080609799000},"page":"E218-E226","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Ablation of calcitonin\/calcitonin gene-related peptide-\u03b1 impairs fetal magnesium but not calcium homeostasis"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"287","author":[{"given":"Kirsten R.","family":"McDonald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neva J.","family":"Fudge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janine P.","family":"Woodrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James K.","family":"Friel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana O.","family":"Hoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert F.","family":"Gagel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher S.","family":"Kovacs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"24","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1992.tb16919.x"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1996.00970.x"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016348709103646"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1040017"},{"key":"R5","unstructured":"Barlet JP, Davicco MJ, and Coxam V.Calcitonin modulates parathyroid hormone related peptide-stimulated calcium placental transfer. In:Calcium Regulating Hormones and Bone Metabolism, edited by Cohn DV, Gennari C, and Tashjian AH Jr. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1992, p. 124\u2013128."},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00291a023"},{"key":"R7","unstructured":"Bills CE, Eisenberg H, and Pallante SL.Complexes of organic acids with calcium phosphate: the Von Kossa stain as a clue to the composition of bone mineral.Johns Hopkins Med J128: 194\u2013207, 1974."},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/acta.0.1130529"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(86)80029-7"},{"key":"R10","unstructured":"Carney SL.Calcitonin and human renal calcium and electrolyte transport.Miner Electrolyte Metab23: 43\u201347, 1997."},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.1998.t01-12-.x"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200312135"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.1.51"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Desbois C, Hogue DA, and Karsenty G.The mouse osteocalcin gene cluster contains three genes with two separate spatial and temporal patterns of expression.J Biol Chem269: 1183\u20131190, 1994.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)42240-X"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/rnd:19780108"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garel JM, Milhaud G, and Jost A.[Hypocalcemic and hypophosphatemic action of thyrocalcitonin in fetal rats].C R Acad Sci Hebd Seances Acad Sci D267: 344\u2013347, 1968.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4831-6704-6.50048-3"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(92)81323-E"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200214218"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.22.8496"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.8.3.277"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/mend-4-3-441"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kohno K, Martin GR, and Yamada Y.Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone for the amino-terminal portion of the pro-alpha 1(II) chain of cartilage collagen.J Biol Chem259: 13668\u201313673, 1984.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)89796-4"},{"key":"R23","unstructured":"Kovacs CS.Fetal mineral homeostasis. In:Pediatric Bone: Biology and Diseases, edited by Glorieux FH, Pettifor JM, and J\u00fcppner H. San Diego: Academic, 2003, p. 271\u2013302."},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.11.8509"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00369.2001"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI2940"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kovacs CSand Kronenberg HM.Maternal-fetal calcium and bone metabolism during pregnancy, puerperium and lactation.Endocr Rev18: 832\u2013872, 1997.","DOI":"10.1210\/er.18.6.832"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.26.15233"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI11321"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650080415"},{"key":"R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar S, Zhu LJ, Polihronis M, Cameron ST, Baird DT, Schatz F, Dua A, Ying YK, Bagchi MK, and Bagchi IC.Progesterone induces calcitonin gene expression in human endometrium within the putative window of implantation.J Clin Endocrinol Metab83: 4443\u20134450, 1998.","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.83.12.5328"},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.139.12.6361"},{"key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-50-2-316"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.13.4356"},{"key":"R35","unstructured":"Mifflin TE, Pearson WR, Reinhardt J, Bruns DE, and Bruns ME.Molecular cloning and sequencing of calbindin-D9kcDNA from mouse placenta. In:Vitamin D: Molecular, Cellular and Clinical Endocrinology (Seventh Workshop on Vitamin D, Rancho Mirage, CA), edited by Norman AW, Schaefer K, Grigoleit HG, and Herrath DV. New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1988, p. 507\u2013508."},{"key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.23.8819"},{"key":"R37","unstructured":"Pearse AGE.Histochemistry: Theoretical and Applied(4th ed.). New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1985."},{"key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.124.6.1091"},{"key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/11.20.7069"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.2.319"},{"key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/361543a0"},{"key":"R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.139.1.5707"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1152\/ajpendo.00023.2004","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T08:58:56Z","timestamp":1623747536000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.physiology.org\/doi\/10.1152\/ajpendo.00023.2004"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1152\/ajpendo.00023.2004"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpendo.00023.2004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0193-1849","1522-1555"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0193-1849","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1555","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]}}}