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For experiment 1, capillary perfusion was visualized before and after intravenous insulin. No capillary recruitment was observed. For experiment 2, mice were treated with vasoactive compounds (sodium nitroprusside, hyaluronidase, and lipopolysaccharide), and dispersion of fluorophores approximating insulin size (10-kDa dextran) and glucose (2-NBDG) was measured using IVM. Subsequently, insulin and 2[<jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>C]deoxyglucose were injected and muscle phospho-2[<jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>C]deoxyglucose (2[C<jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>]DG) accumulation was used as an index of MGU. Flow velocity and 2-NBDG dispersion, but not perfused surface area or 10-kDa dextran dispersion, predicted phospho-2[<jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>C]DG accumulation. For experiment 3, microspheres of the same size and number as are used for contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEU) studies of capillary recruitment were visualized using IVM. 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