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These behavioral changes are associated with a significant decrease in the concentration of tryptophan (Trp) in brain tissues and a consequent decrease in serotonin but no difference in indices of serotonin synaptic function. The anxiety-like behaviors and decreased levels of Trp in the brain of BCAA-fed rats were reversed by supplementation of Trp in the drinking water but not by administration of fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, suggesting that the behavioral changes are independent of the serotonergic pathway of Trp metabolism. Instead, BCAA supplementation lowers the brain levels of another Trp-derived metabolite, kynurenic acid, and these levels are normalized by Trp supplementation. We conclude that supplementation of high-energy diets with BCAA causes neurobehavioral impairment. Since BCAA are elevated spontaneously in human obesity, our studies suggest a potential mechanism for explaining the strong association of obesity and mood disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00373.2012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,19]],"date-time":"2012-12-19T04:56:39Z","timestamp":1355892999000},"page":"E405-E413","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Branched-chain amino acids alter neurobehavioral function in rats"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"304","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Coppola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center,"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett R.","family":"Wenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sarah W. 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