{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T13:44:35Z","timestamp":1793022275480,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) activation in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) is physiologically relevant for the control of palatable food intake. Here, we tested whether the food intake-suppressive effects of VTA GLP-1R activation are mediated by glutamatergic signaling within the VTA. Intra-VTA injections of the GLP-1R agonist exendin-4 (Ex-4) reduced palatable high-fat food intake in rats primarily by reducing meal size; these effects were mediated in part via glutamatergic AMPA\/kainate but not NMDA receptor signaling. Additional behavioral data indicated that GLP-1R expressed specifically within the VTA can partially mediate the intake- and body weight-suppressive effects of systemically administered Ex-4, offering the intriguing possibility that this receptor population may be clinically relevant for food intake control. Intra-VTA Ex-4 rapidly increased tyrosine hydroxylase levels within the VTA, suggesting that GLP-1R activation modulates VTA dopaminergic signaling. Further evidence for this hypothesis was provided by electrophysiological data showing that Ex-4 increased the frequency of AMPA-mediated currents and reduced the paired\/pulse ratio in VTA dopamine neurons. Together, these data provide novel mechanisms by which GLP-1R agonists in the mesolimbic reward system control for palatable food intake.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00413.2013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]],"date-time":"2013-10-08T22:13:47Z","timestamp":1381270427000},"page":"E1367-E1374","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":165,"title":["The food intake-suppressive effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor signaling in the ventral tegmental area are mediated by AMPA\/kainate receptors"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"305","author":[{"given":"Elizabeth G.","family":"Mietlicki-Baase","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neuroscience Program and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel I.","family":"Ortinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura E.","family":"Rupprecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neuroscience Program and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana R.","family":"Olivos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neuroscience Program and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amber L.","family":"Alhadeff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neuroscience Program and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. 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