{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T21:13:58Z","timestamp":1790889238991,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Triiodothyroacetic acid (TRIAC) is a physiological product of triiodothyronine (T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) metabolism, with high affinity for T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>nuclear receptors. Its interest stems from its potential thermogenic effects. Thus this work aimed 1) to clarify these thermogenic effects mediated by TRIAC vs. T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>in vivo and 2) to determine whether they occurred predominantly in adipose tissues. To examine this, control rats were infused with equimolar T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>or TRIAC doses (0.8 or 4 nmol\u00b7100 g body wt<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00b7day<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) or exposed for 48 h to cold. Both T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>doses and only the highest TRIAC dose inhibited plasma and pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) in plasma and tissues. Interestingly, the lower TRIAC dose marginally inhibited plasma T<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>. T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>infusion increased plasma and tissue T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>in a tissue-specific manner. The highest TRIAC dose increased TRIAC concentrations in plasma and tissues, decreasing plasma T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>. TRIAC concentrations in tissues were &lt;10% those of T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>. Under cold exposure or high T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>doses, TRIAC increased only in white adipose tissue (WAT). Remarkably, only the lower TRIAC dose activated thermogenesis, inducing ectopic uncoupling protein (UCP)-1 expression in WAT and maximal increases in UCP-1, UCP-2, and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) expression in brown adipose tissue (BAT), inhibiting UCP-2 in muscle and LPL in WAT. TRIAC, T<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>, and cold exposure inhibited leptin secretion and mRNA in WAT. In summary, TRIAC, at low doses, induces thermogenic effects in adipose tissues without concomitant inhibition of TSH or hypothyroxinemia, suggesting a specific role regulating energy balance. This selective effect of TRIAC in adipose tissues might be considered a potential tool to increase energy metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00417.2007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]],"date-time":"2008-02-20T04:34:08Z","timestamp":1203482048000},"page":"E688-E697","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Thermogenic effect of triiodothyroacetic acid at low doses in rat adipose tissue without adverse side effects in the thyroid axis"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"294","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Medina-Gomez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. 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