{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:44:19Z","timestamp":1787773459798,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"American Physiological Society","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Adult mice lacking functional GABA<jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub>receptors (GABA<jats:sub>B1<\/jats:sub>KO) have glucose metabolism alterations. Since GABA<jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub>receptors (GABA<jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub>Rs) are expressed in progenitor cells, we evaluated islet development in GABA<jats:sub>B1<\/jats:sub>KO mice. Postnatal day 4 (PND4) and adult, male and female, GABA<jats:sub>B1<\/jats:sub>KO, and wild-type littermates (WT) were weighed and euthanized, and serum insulin and glucagon was measured. Pancreatic glucagon and insulin content were assessed, and pancreas insulin, glucagon, PCNA, and GAD65\/67 were determined by immunohistochemistry. RNA from PND4 pancreata and adult isolated islets was obtained, and Ins1, Ins2, Gcg, Sst, Ppy, Nes, Pdx1, and Gad1 transcription levels were determined by quantitative PCR. The main results were as follows: 1) insulin content was increased in PND4 GABA<jats:sub>B1<\/jats:sub>KO females and in both sexes in adult GABA<jats:sub>B1<\/jats:sub>KOs; 2) GABA<jats:sub>B1<\/jats:sub>KO females had more clusters (&lt;500 \u03bcm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) and less islets than WT females; 3) cluster proliferation was decreased at PND4 and increased in adult GABA<jats:sub>B1<\/jats:sub>KO mice; 4) increased \u03b2-area at the expense of the \u03b1-cell area was present in GABA<jats:sub>B1<\/jats:sub>KO islets; 5) Ins2, Sst, and Ppy transcription were decreased in PND4 GABA<jats:sub>B1<\/jats:sub>KO pancreata, adult GABA<jats:sub>B1<\/jats:sub>KO female islets showed increased Ins1, Ins2, and Sst expression, Pdx1 was increased in male and female GABA<jats:sub>B1<\/jats:sub>KO islets; and 6) GAD65\/67 was increased in adult GABA<jats:sub>B1<\/jats:sub>KO pancreata. We demonstrate that several islet parameters are altered in GABA<jats:sub>B1<\/jats:sub>KO mice, further pinpointing the importance of GABA<jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub>Rs in islet physiology. Some changes persist from neonatal ages to adulthood (e.g., insulin content in GABA<jats:sub>B1<\/jats:sub>KO females), whereas other features are differentially regulated according to age (e.g., Ins2 was reduced in PND4, whereas it was upregulated in adult GABA<jats:sub>B1<\/jats:sub>KO females).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00569.2012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,27]],"date-time":"2013-03-27T04:54:43Z","timestamp":1364360083000},"page":"E1064-E1076","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Postnatal development of the endocrine pancreas in mice lacking functional GABA<sub>B<\/sub>receptors"],"prefix":"10.1152","volume":"304","author":[{"given":"Mart\u00edn","family":"Crivello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, Instituto de Biolog\u00eda y Medicina Experimental-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas, Buenos Aires, 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